Systematic review and meta-analysis of training mode, imaging modality and body size influences on the morphology and function of the male athlete's heart

Abstract

Morphological features of the male AH were noted in both athlete groups. A training-specific pattern of concentric hypertrophy was not discerned in resistance athletes. Both imaging mode and BSA can have a significant impact on the interpretation of AH data.

Differentiating physiology from pathology in elite athletes. Left ventricular hypertrophy versus hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

“…There were no differences in the wall thickness between those groups. The same results were presented in the above-mentioned meta-analysis by Utomi et al [9], in which the authors, contrary to the previous meta-analysis, concluded that the training-specific pattern of concentric hypertrophy was not discerned in the resistance athletes.…”

“…Nevertheless, unambiguously, athletes who are engaged in physical training have a greater LVWT and LVEDD, compared to the non-athletic population, and endurance athletes have the biggest hearts -those practicing rowing, cross-country skiing, cycling, and long-distance running. The aforementioned meta-analyses confirm this unequivocally [8,9]. Athletes also have proportionally larger left atria (LA) and right ventricles (RV), and this reflects a balanced cardiac remodelling process [9][10][11][12].…”

“…However, an analysis of the results of Pluim's research and the results of a recent meta-analysis by Utomi et al [9] show that the adaptation is not necessarily divergent, but rather, the morphological features associated with specific training may represent consecutive points on a continuous line of cardiac growth, associated with exercise. If we assume the starting point of the line as the RWT of the control group, the course of RWT changes with training, regardless of the type of sport is directed toward the higher values.…”

“…If we assume the starting point of the line as the RWT of the control group, the course of RWT changes with training, regardless of the type of sport is directed toward the higher values. But, in healthy athletes, RWT should not reach the value defined as concentric hypertrophy (Table 1) [8,9]. It is interesting that, for RWT calculation, Pluim et al [8] used the sum of interventricular septum (IVS) thickness and PWT and divided it by LVEDD, but Lang et al [5], and also Ganau et al [6], recommend the use of double PWT instead of the sum of IVS thickness and PWT.…”

Special Properties of the Left Ventricle Myocardum Remodeling in Athletes With Arterial Hypertension

“…Обсуждение В систематическом обзоре (2013), в который были включены проспективные исследования с участием элитных молодых спортсменов мужского пола и муж-чин, ведущих малоподвижный образ жизни [8], приво-дятся сравнительные данные параметров сердца послед-них. По данным настоящего обзора, все параметры левого желудочка были выше в группе спорт сменов.…”