Systematic review and Meta-Analysis of Mendelian randomisation analyses of Abdominal aortic aneurysms

Abstract

Introduction Mendelian randomisation (MR) has been suggested to be able to overcome biases of observational studies, but no meta-analysis is available on MR studies on abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). This systematic review and Meta-analysis examined the evidence of causal risk factors for AAA identified in MR studies. Methods Publicly available databases were systematically searched for MR studies that reported any causal risk factors for AAA diagnosis. Meta-analyses were performed using random effect models and reported as odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Study quality was assessed using a modified version of Strengthening the Reporting of Mendelian Randomisation Studies (STROBE-MR) guidelines. Results Sixteen MR studies involving 34,050 patients with AAA and 2,205,894 controls were included. Meta-analyses suggested that one standard deviation increase in high density lipoprotein (HDL) significantly reduced (OR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.61, 0.72) and one standard deviation increase in low density lipoprotein (LDL) significantly increased the risk (OR: 1.68, 95%, CI: 1.55, 1.82) of AAA. One standard deviation increase in triglycerides did not significantly increase the risk of AAA (OR: 1.21, 95% CI: 0.86, 1.71). Quality assessment suggested that ten and five studies were of low and moderate risk of bias respectively, with one study considered as high risk of bias. Conclusion This meta-analysis suggests LDL and HDL are positive and negative casual risk factors for AAA.

Cromolyn prevents cerebral vasospasm and dementia by targeting WDR43

“…Chronic inflammatory infiltration, degradation of collagen and elastin, and other pathological changes are also involved ( Wang and Jia, 2020 ; Dahal et al, 2022 ). AA is a life-threatening condition, with approximately 150,000–200,000 deaths reported worldwide annually, leading to a significant socioeconomic burden and causing great suffering to the families of patients ( Golledge, 2019 ; Wen et al, 2020 ; Ibrahim et al, 2021 ). While surgical repair is the primary treatment for preventing AA rupture, it has limited indications and does not significantly reduce mortality ( Sweeting et al, 2017 ; Wanhainen et al, 2019 ; Ibrahim et al, 2021 ).…”

“…AA is a life-threatening condition, with approximately 150,000–200,000 deaths reported worldwide annually, leading to a significant socioeconomic burden and causing great suffering to the families of patients ( Golledge, 2019 ; Wen et al, 2020 ; Ibrahim et al, 2021 ). While surgical repair is the primary treatment for preventing AA rupture, it has limited indications and does not significantly reduce mortality ( Sweeting et al, 2017 ; Wanhainen et al, 2019 ; Ibrahim et al, 2021 ). Therefore, identifying key biomarkers associated with AA and understanding the role of peripheral blood erythrocytes in its development is important.…”

No causal association between inguinal hernia and aortic aneurysm using Mendelian randomization analysis

“…Although TAA has different pathophysiological changes, AAA and TAA both share common risk factors such as smoking, age over 65, male sex, and family history [1,5,6]. Diseases like pulmonary emphysema and inguinal hernia have been found possible contributions to AAA [7].…”

“…This inconsistent results from conventional observational studies can be explained by some methodological limitations, such as reverse causation and confounding bias [11,12]. Recent studies using the Mendelian randomization (MR) strategy selected genetic variations as instruments to identify causal relationships between outcomes and exposures [5,13]. Since genetic variations are assigned at random during conception, confounding and reverse causality can be substantially minimized and diminished, allowing a more accurate evaluation of causal relationships [14].…”

Mendelian Randomization Studies of Lifestyle-Related Risk Factors for Osteoarthritis: A PRISMA Review and Meta-Analysis

“…Systematic reviews for MR studies have indeed been previously conducted, such as for abdominal aortic aneurysms [ 7 , 8 ] but to our knowledge this is the first review to systematically summarize and meta-analyze published research that used MR to assess causal risk factors for osteoarthritis and to identify summary estimates of this causal effect between lifestyle factor exposures (BMI, serum calcium and LDL) and disease outcome.…”