Systematic Review

Rodenburg-Vlot, Marian B. A.; Ruytjens, Liesbet; Oostenbrink, Rianne; Goedegebure, André; Schroeff, Marc P. van der

doi:10.1097/mao.0000000000000922

Cited by 27 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…A recent systematic review showed that the incidence of hearing loss was 11% (range, 2–35%) and that 5% of patients experienced profound hearing loss after having childhood bacterial meningitis ( 36 ). In addition, some other studies showed that seizures, serum C-reactive protein levels, and disease severity were risk factors for hearing impairment ( 37 , 38 ) after childhood bacterial meningitis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors in Predicting Prognosis of Neonatal Bacterial Meningitis—A Systematic Review

et al. 2018

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Background: Neonatal bacterial meningitis is a severe infection with high mortality and morbidity. It is necessary to identify factors associated with a high risk of a poor prognosis so that we can prevent them with more appropriate treatments. This study was performed to summarize the prognostic factors known to predict adverse outcomes in neonatal bacterial meningitis.Methods: The Medline/PubMed, Cochrane Library and Embase databases were searched for studies of prognostic risk factors in neonates with bacterial meningitis. Studies published from the initiation of the database to April 30th, 2017 were included. The quality of cohort studies was assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). The quality of cross-section studies was assessed by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) scale. Each prognostic factor known to cause adverse outcomes is summarized.Results: Sixteen studies were identified, including 7 cohort studies and 9 cross section studies. Seizure and high protein levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) predict a poor prognosis in this disease. Coma, the need for ventilation support, and leukopenia also had some value for predicting poor prognoses. A bulging anterior fontanelle was valuable for predicting mortality. Low CSF glucose levels, thrombocytopenia, gestational age (GA) < 37 weeks and an altered sensorium were correlated with a poor prognosis. A birth weight < 2500 g, early onset meningitis and positive CSF cultures were correlated with mortality.Conclusions: This study provides a preliminary exploration of prognostic factors in neonatal bacterial meningitis and thereby fills some of the gaps in the study of prognoses in this disease. These prognostic factors can be used to predict and estimate outcomes in neonatal bacterial meningitis. Without a meta-analysis, the reliability of these factors cannot be assured. In addition, these results emphasize that there is an urgent need for a standardized protocol for follow-up and well-designed prognostic studies in neonatal bacterial meningitis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors in Predicting Prognosis of Neonatal Bacterial Meningitis—A Systematic Review

et al. 2018

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“…Endoscopes are being increasingly used in otology, with significantly more visualization of every subregion of the middle ear when compared with the microscope [ 5 ]. Although endoscopic transcanal approaches afford good exposure of the lateral aspect of the geniculate ganglion and greater superficial petrosal nerve [ 2 ], they do not adequately access the more medial aspect of the geniculate ganglion and labyrinthine segment of facial nerve without significant breach of the inner ear, where hearing loss would be expected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endoscopically-assisted transmastoid approach to the geniculate ganglion and labyrinthine facial nerve

Jufas

Bance

2017

Journal of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery

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BackgroundEndoscopic transcanal approaches to the facial nerve allow excellent exposure of the tympanic facial nerve. This approach becomes limited when access is required to the more proximal geniculate ganglion and labyrinthine portion of the facial nerve. The aim of this report was to determine the feasibility of a transmastoid endoscopically assisted approach to the geniculate ganglion and labyrinthine facial nerve. This is an endoscopic cadaveric dissection and video review at a university anatomical laboratory.MethodsA total of 12 endoscopic cadaveric dissections were performed. A cortical mastoidectomy and perilabyrinthine air cell removal was performed using an operating microscope. Beyond this, dissection was performed with an endoscope.ResultsIn all dissections, an endoscopically assisted transmastoid approach allowed complete access to the geniculate ganglion, and at least 1.5 mm of the distal labyrinthine facial nerve. Further transcrusal drilling through the anterior crus of the superior semicircular canal allowed access to the entire labyrinthine facial nerve.ConclusionsThe entire geniculate ganglion and labyrinthine facial nerve is difficult to access with microscopic techniques. Adding endoscopic visualization allows for complete visualization of the geniculate ganglion. Clinical reports will further strengthen these preliminary cadaveric results.

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“…The aim of the literature search was to identify previous studies reporting the relative impact of these long-term outcomes on labor market outcomes compared with the general population. Several relevant studies were identified and selected based on completeness of outcomes, study design, and coverage of the U.S. population [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. From the literature search findings, we applied the relative measures of impact for each longterm outcomes e.g., hearing loss, permanent paralysis and cognitive impairment, and its impact on future employment and earnings losses in subjects with these conditions based on outcomes reported by Winsor (2019), Emmett and Frances (2015), and Newman (2011) in the vaccinated and unvaccinated cohorts [12,18,23] (S1 Table ).…”

Section: Mortality From Vaccine-preventable Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public economic gains from tax-financed investments in childhood immunization in the United States

Connolly,

Kotsopoulos,

Roberts

et al. 2023

PLOS Glob Public Health

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The emergence of COVID-19 has displayed the importance of immunization and the need for continued public investment in vaccination programs. Globally, national vaccination programs rely heavily on tax-financed expenditure, requiring upfront investments and ongoing financial commitments. To evaluate annual public investments, we conducted a fiscal analysis that quantifies the public economic consequences to government in the United States attributable to childhood vaccination. To estimate the change in net government revenue, we developed a decision-analytic model that quantifies lifetime tax revenues and transfers based on changes in morbidity and mortality arising from vaccination of the 2017 U.S. birth cohort. Reductions in deaths and comorbid conditions attributed to pediatric vaccines were used to derive gross lifetime earnings gains, tax revenue gains attributed to averted morbidity and mortality avoided, disability transfer cost savings, and averted special education costs associated with each vaccine. Our analysis indicates a fiscal dividend of $41.7 billion from vaccinating this cohort. The bulk of this gain for government reflects avoiding the loss of $30.6 billion in present-value tax revenues. All pediatric vaccines raise tax revenues by reducing vaccine-preventable morbidity and mortality in amounts ranging from $7.3 million (hepatitis A) to $20.3 billion (diphtheria) over the life course. Based on public investments in pediatric vaccines, a benefit-cost ratio of 17.8 was calculated for each dollar invested in childhood immunization. The public economic yield attributed to childhood vaccination in the U.S. is significant from a government perspective, providing fiscal justification for ongoing investment.

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Systematic Review

Cited by 27 publications

References 42 publications

Risk Factors in Predicting Prognosis of Neonatal Bacterial Meningitis—A Systematic Review

Risk Factors in Predicting Prognosis of Neonatal Bacterial Meningitis—A Systematic Review

Endoscopically-assisted transmastoid approach to the geniculate ganglion and labyrinthine facial nerve

Public economic gains from tax-financed investments in childhood immunization in the United States

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