Systematic online academic resource (SOAR) review: Endocrine, metabolic, and nutritional disorders

Abstract

Background Free open‐access medical education (FOAM) has become an integral resource for medical school and residency education. However, questions of quality and inconsistent coverage of core topics remain. In this second entry of the SAEM Systematic Online Academic Resource (SOAR) series, we describe the application of a systematic methodology to identify, curate, and describe FOAM topics specific to endocrine, metabolic, and nutritional disorders as defined by the 2016 Model of the Clinical Practice of Emergency Medicine (MCPEM). Methods We developed an automated algorithm to search 264 keywords derived from nine subtopics within the MCPEM category in the FOAM Search (a customized FOAM search tool) and the Social Media index. The top 100 results were extracted for each keyword. Resources underwent a manual iterative screening process, and those relevant to endocrine, metabolic, or nutritional disorders and EM were evaluated with the revised Medical Education Translational Resources: Impact and Quality (rMETRIQ) tool. Results The search yielded 36,346 resources, of which 756 met the criteria for quality assessment. After rMETRIQ tool training, four raters demonstrated an average measured intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.94 (95% confidence interval = 0.88 to 0.97, p < 0.001). A total of 121 posts (16% of posts) covering 25 subtopics were identified as high quality (rMETRIQ ≥16). The most covered subtopic was potassium disorders, representing 15% of all posts. Subtopics that did not have a high‐quality resource identified include metabolic alkalosis, respiratory alkalosis, fluid overload, phosphorus metabolism, hyperglycemia, malabsorption, malnutrition, and thyroiditis. From most to least common, the overall target audience was junior resident (91%), PGY‐1 resident (88%), senior resident (81%), clerk (64%), attending (50%), and preclerkship (9%). Conclusions We systematically identified, described, and curated FOAM resources for EM learners on the topic of endocrine, metabolic, and nutritional disorders. A final list of high‐quality resources can guide trainees, educator recommendations, and FOAM authors.

Small bowel carcinoid tumor causing intestinal ischemia: A case report with review of the literature

“…Small bowel carcinoid tumors are neuroendocrine tumors arising from secretory cells of the neuroendocrine system, they are the most common gastrointestinal tumors and most frequently involve the ileum . [1] .…”

“…Carcinoid tumors are a slow-growing type of neuroendocrine tumor that arise from endocrine Amine Precursor Uptake and Decarboxylase: « APUD cells » that can be found throughout the gastrointestinal tract as well as other organs (eg, lung, larynx). In general, they are slow-growing tumors but are nevertheless capable of metastasizing [1] .…”

Systematic online academic resources (SOAR) review: Sickle cell disorders

“…Fortunately, the initial inter‐rater agreement as measure by an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for the two raters was 0.77 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.34–0.92, p < 0.01), which was sufficiently high (ICC > 0.75) for us to proceed on to independent ratings of the remaining articles. A quality cutoff of ≥16 was determined to be high quality based on the modified Angoff method as in the prior SOAR review studies 9,10 …”

“…The exponential growth of FOAM resources over the past 20 years has generated much discussion on the role of critical appraisal and quality assessment of online educational content 5,6 . Given that there is a large range of quality and content representation in the FOAM landscape, efforts have been made to curate quality educational resources for learners, including approved instructional resources (AIR) series and the SAEM systematic online academic resource (SOAR) series 7–10 . The aim of this paper is to contribute to the process of systematically assessing the quality of FOAM emergency medicine resources on the topic of sickle cell disease (SCD), as part of the ongoing SAEM SOAR series.…”

Re: Systematic online academic resource (SOAR) review: Endocrine, metabolic, and nutritional disorders

“…In Hsiao JJ, Pedigo R, Bae SW, et al, 1 one of the author names is misspelled. The correct full name is N. Seth Trueger.…”