“…PPI was utilized across various stages of the research cycle with 19 studies reporting PPI to identify and prioritize research questions [ 25 , 28 – 31 , 40 , 42 , 44 , 45 , 48 , 51 – 54 , 58 , 60 , 61 , 65 , 67 ], and 15 studies reported employing PPI during the commissioning stage [ 28 , 34 , 36 , 38 , 40 , 45 , 50 – 52 , 54 , 58 , 65 , 67 , 68 , 70 ]. In the designing & managing stage, PPI was used in 17 studies [ 15 , 26 , 29 , 38 , 40 – 45 , 48 – 52 , 61 , 64 ] with patients providing feedback on the interview guide, methods, procedures, and study planning. Ten studies reported to involved patients actively in research [ 29 , 34 , 35 , 38 , 44 , 45 , 50 – 52 , 58 ], with one study reporting involving patients and family in analysis [ 50 ], and another reporting asking patients to help organize qualitative themes [ 35 ].…”