Systematic investigation of anode catalysts for liquid ammonia electrolysis

Akagi, Natsuho; Hori, Keisuke; Sugime, Hisashi; Noda, Suguru; Hanada, Nobuko

doi:10.1016/j.jcat.2022.01.005

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Anode catalysts for liquid ammonia electrolysis have been reviewed by Akagi and coauthors in 2022. 123 Different kinds of nonaqueous electrolytes have been proposed in the literature, also considering the alternative of ionic liquids and ammonium salts to increase as much as possible the ammonia solubility in liquid phase. In 2010, Hanada and colleagues 124 used KNH 2 as electrolyte with high current efficiency.…”

Section: Catalysts Combining Plasmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Ammonia as a Carbon-Free Energy Carrier: NH₃ Cracking to H₂

Spatolisano

Pellegrini

Angelis

et al. 2023

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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In the energy transition from fossil fuels to renewables, hydrogen is a realistic alternative to achieving the decarbonization target. However, its chemical and physical properties make its storage and transport expensive. To ensure the cost-effective H 2 usage as an energy vector, other chemicals are getting attention as H 2 carriers. Among them, ammonia is the most promising candidate. The value chain of NH 3 as a H 2 carrier, considering the long-distance ship transport, includes NH 3 synthesis and storage at the loading terminal, NH 3 storage at the unloading terminal, and its cracking to release H 2 . NH 3 synthesis and cracking are the cost drivers of the value chain. Also, the NH 3 cracking at large scale is not a mature technology, and a significant effort has to be made in intensifying the process as much as possible. In this respect, this work reviews the available technologies for NH 3 cracking, critically analyzing them in view of the scale up to the industrial level.

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Section: Catalysts Combining Plasmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Ammonia as a Carbon-Free Energy Carrier: NH₃ Cracking to H₂

Spatolisano

Pellegrini

Angelis

et al. 2023

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…Ideally, in an NH3 decomposition system, NH3 is oxidized to N2 at the anode, while H2O is reduced to H2 at the cathode, producing the gaseous H2 and N2 from an ammonia solution. However, it is well known that The electrocatalytic NH 3 decomposition can occur in an aqueous electrolyte under certain pH conditions, either through the NH 3 oxidation in an alkaline environment caused by OH − ions after the adsorption of NH 3 onto the electrode or through NH 4 + oxidation by the oxidants such as hypochlorous acid in low pH environments [65][66][67]. However, electro-corrosion and sluggish kinetics in acidic electrolytes can lead to low efficiency in the electrochemical process.…”

Section: Electrocatalytic Nh3 Decompositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress on Hydrogen Production from Ammonia Decomposition: Technical Roadmap and Catalytic Mechanism

Huang

et al. 2023

Molecules

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Ammonia decomposition has attracted significant attention in recent years due to its ability to produce hydrogen without emitting carbon dioxide and the ease of ammonia storage. This paper reviews the recent developments in ammonia decomposition technologies for hydrogen production, focusing on the latest advances in catalytic materials and catalyst design, as well as the research progress in the catalytic reaction mechanism. Additionally, the paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each method and the importance of finding non-precious metals to reduce costs and improve efficiency. Overall, this paper provides a valuable reference for further research on ammonia decomposition for hydrogen production.

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“…2) 암모니아를 이용 한 수소 생산 시 양극에서는 암모니아가 분해되어 질소가 발 생하고, 음극에서는 수소가 발생하게 된다. 3) Anode: 3NH 2 -→ 1/2 N 2 + 2NH 3 + 3e -…”

Section: 전다래ㆍ박대원unclassified

Study on the Effect of Solvent for Dispersing Precursor in DSA Production for Ammonia Oxidation

Jeon¹,

Pak²

2022

J Korean Soc Environ Eng

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Objectives : An economical DSA that can be used for a longer period of time and reduce the amount of precious Ru metal required in preparing the electrode was tried to be developed by using an ionic liquid instead of the alcohols as a solvent for electrode catalyst coating when preparing the DSA and comparing the performance. In addition, the possibility of green hydrogen production using ammonia was investigated by examining the possibility of oxidation of non-aqueous ammonia with the fabricated DSA electrode.Methods : 1, 2 and 3 mg/cm2 RuO2 electrodes were prepared using butanol and imidazolium-based ionic liquid (HMIM)HSO4 as a solvent for electrode coating. To optimize conditions, the electrodes prepared using butanol and ionic liquid were compared by evaluating physical and electrochemical properties. SEM-EDS and XRD were used for evaluating physicochemical properties and cyclic voltammetry was used to investigate the possibility of oxidation of non-aqueous ammonia and to compare the electrochemical properties.Results and Discussion : Through SEM-EDS measurement before and after the accelerated life time test, it was confirmed that there was a difference depending on the solvent, but in al electrodes, the cracks on the surface before the accelerated life test was desorbed and coated Ru was desorbed, revealing the matrix of the electrode. XRD analysis showed that crystallinity of the butanol solvent electrode was smaller than that of the ionic solvent electrode. Through an accelerated life test for 1, 2, and 3 mg/cm2 RuO2 electrodes by solvent, 1 mg/cm2 RuO2 produced using an ionic solution was the shortest, ending in 16 hours. The electrode 3 mg/cm2 RuO2 was terminated at 201 h, showing the longest lifetime. Through cyclic voltammetry, all RuO2 electrodes fabricated confirmed the possibility of 7 N non-aqueous ammonia oxidation and the active area of the electrodes fabricated using butanol showed a higher total electrochemical charge than the electrodes fabricated using an ionic solution.Conclusion : As the DSA solvent affects the crystallinity of the electrode, it was shown that it affects the physical life of the electrode through the accelerated life test results. Through cyclic voltammetry, the RuO2 electrode confirmed the possibility of oxidation of 7 N non-aqueous ammonia. Through comparison of ruthenium loading amount, accelerated life test, and electrochemical total charge, it is considered that the most economical electrode is a butanol solvent 2 mg/cm 2 RuO2 electrode.

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Systematic investigation of anode catalysts for liquid ammonia electrolysis

Cited by 10 publications

References 36 publications

Ammonia as a Carbon-Free Energy Carrier: NH₃ Cracking to H₂

Ammonia as a Carbon-Free Energy Carrier: NH₃ Cracking to H₂

Recent Progress on Hydrogen Production from Ammonia Decomposition: Technical Roadmap and Catalytic Mechanism

Study on the Effect of Solvent for Dispersing Precursor in DSA Production for Ammonia Oxidation

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Systematic investigation of anode catalysts for liquid ammonia electrolysis

Cited by 10 publications

References 36 publications

Ammonia as a Carbon-Free Energy Carrier: NH3 Cracking to H2

Ammonia as a Carbon-Free Energy Carrier: NH3 Cracking to H2

Recent Progress on Hydrogen Production from Ammonia Decomposition: Technical Roadmap and Catalytic Mechanism

Study on the Effect of Solvent for Dispersing Precursor in DSA Production for Ammonia Oxidation

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Product

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Ammonia as a Carbon-Free Energy Carrier: NH₃ Cracking to H₂

Ammonia as a Carbon-Free Energy Carrier: NH₃ Cracking to H₂