Systematic evidence on migrating and extractable food contact chemicals: Most chemicals detected in food contact materials are not listed for use

Geueke, Birgit; Groh, Ksenia J.; Maffini, Maricel V.; Martin, Olwenn; Boucher, Justin M.; Chiang, Yu-Ting Tiffany; Gwosdz, Frank; Jieh, Phoenix; Kassotis, Christopher D.; Łańska, Paulina; Myers, John Peterson; Odermatt, Alex; Parkinson, Lindsey Viann; Schreier, Verena N.; Srebny, Vanessa; Zimmermann, Lisa; Scheringer, Martin; Muncke, Jane

doi:10.1080/10408398.2022.2067828

Cited by 49 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Updates have been suggested for S17 KEMIMARKET [68], S28 EUBIOCIDES [196] with information from ECHA [273], S34 EXPOSOMEXPL [165,166] with new data from [274] plus new microbial metabolites [275,276] and S75 CyanoMetDB [118,119] (next release due early 2023). Suggestions for new contributions include a list of endocrine disruptors within the activities of PARC, the Proposition 65 (Prop-65) list of chemicals from the California EPA [277], Phenol-Explorer [278][279][280], the Database on Migrating and Extractable Food Contact Chemicals (FCCmigex) [281], and finally a shale gas suspect list [282] that has been applied in other studies: [283,284] and will fill a long-identified gap with respect to fracking-related content.…”

Section: Future Updates: New Submissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The NORMAN Suspect List Exchange (NORMAN-SLE): facilitating European and worldwide collaboration on suspect screening in high resolution mass spectrometry

et al. 2022

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Background The NORMAN Association (https://www.norman-network.com/) initiated the NORMAN Suspect List Exchange (NORMAN-SLE; https://www.norman-network.com/nds/SLE/) in 2015, following the NORMAN collaborative trial on non-target screening of environmental water samples by mass spectrometry. Since then, this exchange of information on chemicals that are expected to occur in the environment, along with the accompanying expert knowledge and references, has become a valuable knowledge base for “suspect screening” lists. The NORMAN-SLE now serves as a FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) chemical information resource worldwide. Results The NORMAN-SLE contains 99 separate suspect list collections (as of May 2022) from over 70 contributors around the world, totalling over 100,000 unique substances. The substance classes include per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), pharmaceuticals, pesticides, natural toxins, high production volume substances covered under the European REACH regulation (EC: 1272/2008), priority contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) and regulatory lists from NORMAN partners. Several lists focus on transformation products (TPs) and complex features detected in the environment with various levels of provenance and structural information. Each list is available for separate download. The merged, curated collection is also available as the NORMAN Substance Database (NORMAN SusDat). Both the NORMAN-SLE and NORMAN SusDat are integrated within the NORMAN Database System (NDS). The individual NORMAN-SLE lists receive digital object identifiers (DOIs) and traceable versioning via a Zenodo community (https://zenodo.org/communities/norman-sle), with a total of > 40,000 unique views, > 50,000 unique downloads and 40 citations (May 2022). NORMAN-SLE content is progressively integrated into large open chemical databases such as PubChem (https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) and the US EPA’s CompTox Chemicals Dashboard (https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/), enabling further access to these lists, along with the additional functionality and calculated properties these resources offer. PubChem has also integrated significant annotation content from the NORMAN-SLE, including a classification browser (https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/classification/#hid=101). Conclusions The NORMAN-SLE offers a specialized service for hosting suspect screening lists of relevance for the environmental community in an open, FAIR manner that allows integration with other major chemical resources. These efforts foster the exchange of information between scientists and regulators, supporting the paradigm shift to the “one substance, one assessment” approach. New submissions are welcome via the contacts provided on the NORMAN-SLE website (https://www.norman-network.com/nds/SLE/).

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Section: Future Updates: New Submissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The NORMAN Suspect List Exchange (NORMAN-SLE): facilitating European and worldwide collaboration on suspect screening in high resolution mass spectrometry

et al. 2022

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“…For the migration modelling approach, 33 previously identified PET oligomers and 19 hypothetical molecules that are potentially present in the polymer were selected (Table 1). The reported oligomers were extracted from the FCCmigex database [31,32]. The reasoning for the structure of the hypothetical oligomers is based on the molecular weight (M W ), reported oligomers, and the chemistry used for synthesis.…”

Section: Pet Oligomers For Migration Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A maximum application temperature of 100 • C was selected, based on typical application conditions for PET and assuming that the water content in food dominates and therefore most foods will not reach temperatures higher than 100 • C [41]. In addition to the application conditions, D P , K P/F , and the initial concentrations of migrants within the polymer (C P,0 ) are needed for migration predic-tions and were collected from the literature for all PET oligomers [5,13,18,31,32,35,[42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49]. For 29 out of 52 oligomers data on C P,0 was available.…”

Section: Migration Modeling Of Pet Oligomersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is important to mention that the comparison with the safety thresholds has been performed on the basis of reported concentrations of the oligomers in the literature [5,13,18,31,32,35,[42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49]. These C P,0 values are therefore snapshots of the PET materials investigated in these previously reported studies and might not be generally applicable for all PET packaging materials.…”

Section: Migration Modeling Of Pet Oligomersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Migration Modeling as a Valuable Tool for Exposure Assessment and Risk Characterization of Polyethylene Terephthalate Oligomers

2022

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Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is one of the most widely used food contact materials due to its excellent mechanical properties and recyclability. Migration of substances from PET and assessment of compliance are usually determined by experimental testing, which can be challenging depending on the migrants of interest. Low concentrations and missing reference standards, among other factors, have led to inadequate investigation of the migration potential of PET oligomers. Migration modeling can overcome such limitations and is therefore a suitable starting point for exposure and risk assessment. In this study, the activation energy-based (EA) model and the AP model were used to systematically evaluate the migration potential of 52 PET oligomers for 12 different application scenarios. Modeling parameters and conditions were evaluated to investigate their impact and relevance on the assessment of realistic exposures. Obtained results were compared with safety thresholds known from the concept of toxicological thresholds of concern. This allowed the evaluation and identification of oligomers and/or applications where migration or exposure levels may be associated with a potential risk because they exceed these safety thresholds. Overall, this study demonstrated that migration modeling can be a high-throughput, fast, flexible, and suitable approach for comprehensive exposure assessment.

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“…In addition to the farming processes, food-contact materials (packing) also contribute to EDC content in the food (Geueke et al 2022 ). Food contact materials are an important area of food safety and health protection regulation in Europe and beyond.…”

Section: A Way Forward: Opportunities For Effective Edc Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unlocking India’s Potential in Managing Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs): Importance, Challenges, and Opportunities

et al. 2022

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Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are a prime concern for the environment and health globally. Research shows that in developing countries such as India both the environment and human populations are severely exposed to EDCs and consequently experience rising incidents of adverse health effects such as diabetes and cancers. In this paper, we discuss the current EDC management approach in India, critically assess its limitations, and describe opportunities for potential improvements. Foremost, current EDC management actions and interventions in India are fragmented and outdated, and far behind the modern and comprehensive approaches adopted in the European Union and other developed countries. Strong and well-planned actions are required on various fronts of science, policy, commerce, and public engagement. These actions include the adoption of a dedicated and modern regulatory framework for managing EDCs, enhancing capacity and infrastructure for EDC monitoring in the environment and human population, employing public–private partnership programs for not only managing EDCs but also in the sectors that indirectly contribute toward the mismanagement of EDCs in the country, and raising awareness on EDCs and promoting health-preserving consumption habits among the public. As India hosts a large proportion of the global human population and biodiversity, the success or failure of its actions will substantially affect the direction of global efforts to manage EDCs and set an example for other developing countries.

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Systematic evidence on migrating and extractable food contact chemicals: Most chemicals detected in food contact materials are not listed for use

Cited by 49 publications

References 57 publications

The NORMAN Suspect List Exchange (NORMAN-SLE): facilitating European and worldwide collaboration on suspect screening in high resolution mass spectrometry

The NORMAN Suspect List Exchange (NORMAN-SLE): facilitating European and worldwide collaboration on suspect screening in high resolution mass spectrometry

Migration Modeling as a Valuable Tool for Exposure Assessment and Risk Characterization of Polyethylene Terephthalate Oligomers

Unlocking India’s Potential in Managing Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs): Importance, Challenges, and Opportunities

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