Systematic Evaluation of Chromatographic Parameters for Isoquinoline Alkaloids on XB-C18 Core-Shell Column Using Different Mobile Phase Compositions

Abstract

Chelidonium majus L. is a rich source of isoquinoline alkaloids with confirmed anti-inflammatory, choleretic, spasmolytic, antitumor, and antimicrobial activities. However, their chromatographic analysis is difficult because they may exist both in charged and uncharged forms and may result in the irregular peak shape and the decrease in chromatographic system efficacy. In the present work, the separation of main C. majus alkaloids was optimized using a new-generation XB-C18 endcapped core-shell column dedicated for analysis of alkaline compounds. The influence of organic modifier concentration, addition of salts, and pH of eluents on chromatographic parameters such as retention, resolution, chromatographic plate numbers, and peak asymmetry was investigated. The results were applied to elaborate the optimal chromatographic system for simultaneous quantification of seven alkaloids from the root, herb, and fruit of C. majus.

Agro-Morphological, Microanatomical and Molecular Cytogenetic Characterization of the Medicinal Plant Chelidonium majus L.

“…Latex is stored in the special secretory cells called laticifers. According to Pharmacopoeial monographs, presence of articulate laticifers with yellowish content is used as an authentication microscopic mark in powdered herb [ 40 , 42 , 46 ].…”

Greater Celandine's Ups and Downs−21 Centuries of Medicinal Uses of Chelidonium majus From the Viewpoint of Today's Pharmacology

“…Presence of articulate laticifers with yellowish content is also used as an authentication microscopic mark in powdered herb by pharmacopoeial monographs. The composition of latex is plant organ specific (Tomē and Colombo, 1995 ; Sowa et al, 2018 ). Generally, five groups of alkaloids were found in C. majus .…”

“…The presence and number of laticifers is due to the physiological functions of aerial parts and underground parts of the plant, such as responses to environmental factors, defense against herbivory, metabolic reserves, and energy store (Agrawal and Konno, 2009 ). Coptisine [31] was found mostly in fruits and herb (Sārközi et al, 2006 ; Kedzia et al, 2013 ; Sowa et al, 2018 ), whereas berberine [28] showed no significant difference between aerial parts and roots (Tomē and Colombo, 1995 ). Larger amounts of phenanthridine alkaloids like chelidonine [1], chelerythrine [9], sanguinarine [12] were observed in roots rather than in aerial parts of the plants (Tomē and Colombo, 1995 ; Sowa et al, 2018 ).…”

Liquid chromatographic separation of alkaloids in herbal medicines: Current status and perspectives

“…For example, isoquinoline alkaloids from the roots of Hydrastis canadensis L. were successfully separated with ammonium formate (pH 3.3) and acetonitrile (added with formic acid) as mobile phase [7]. Additionally, several buffer systems that allow for better separation were employed for alkaloid separation in the herbs of Chelidonium majus L., such as acetic acid–ammonium acetate buffer (pH 4) [8] and aqueous solution of ammonium formate adjusted to pH 2.8 [9]. Similarly, formic acid–ammonium acetate buffer solution was utilized to determine alkaloids from the rhizome of Menispermum dauricum DC.…”