Systematic distortions of perceived planar surface motion in active vision

Fantoni, Carlo; Caudek, Corrado; Domini, Fulvio

doi:10.1167/10.5.12

Cited by 20 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…, the angle between a planar surface and the fronto-parallel plane) is well predicted by a model based on the maximum-likelihood interpretation of the velocity gradient of the optic flow [9]. We also showed that perceived surface slant during ego-motion can be accounted for in a similar manner, with a negligible contribution of extra-retinal signals [10], [11]. Our previous modeling work predicts the perceptual responses from the instantaneous local properties of the optic flow.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…An optimal combination of extra-retinal signals and velocity information, however, does not necessarily provide the best model for human active vision [10], [11]. Also in active vision, in fact, dramatic distortions of perceived 3D shape have been found as a consequence of the amount of object rotation and of the head translation velocity, for example [10], [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perceived Surface Slant Is Systematically Biased in the Actively-Generated Optic Flow

2012

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Humans make systematic errors in the 3D interpretation of the optic flow in both passive and active vision. These systematic distortions can be predicted by a biologically-inspired model which disregards self-motion information resulting from head movements (Caudek, Fantoni, & Domini 2011). Here, we tested two predictions of this model: (1) A plane that is stationary in an earth-fixed reference frame will be perceived as changing its slant if the movement of the observer's head causes a variation of the optic flow; (2) a surface that rotates in an earth-fixed reference frame will be perceived to be stationary, if the surface rotation is appropriately yoked to the head movement so as to generate a variation of the surface slant but not of the optic flow. Both predictions were corroborated by two experiments in which observers judged the perceived slant of a random-dot planar surface during egomotion. We found qualitatively similar biases for monocular and binocular viewing of the simulated surfaces, although, in principle, the simultaneous presence of disparity and motion cues allows for a veridical recovery of surface slant.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived Surface Slant Is Systematically Biased in the Actively-Generated Optic Flow

2012

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“…Horizontal binocular disparities, for instance, are not sufficient to recover an object's depth unless the viewing distance is known (Mayhew & LonguetHiggins, 1982;Fantoni, 2008). Similarly, optic flow is not sufficient to recover surface slant unless additional parameters are known (i.e., the angular displacement between the observer and the surface and the amount of surface rotation) -see Fantoni, Caudek, and Domini (2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of disparity and velocity information for haptic and perceptual judgments of object depth

et al. 2011

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Do reach-to-grasp (prehension) movements require a metric representation of three-dimensional (3D) layouts and objects? We propose a model relying only on direct sensory information to account for the planning and execution of prehension movements in the absence of haptic feedback and when the hand is not visible. In the present investigation, we isolate relative motion and binocular disparity information from other depth cues and we study their efficacy for reach-to-grasp movements and visual judgments. We show that (i) the amplitude of the grasp increases when relative motion is added to binocular disparity information, even if depth from disparity information is already veridical, and (ii) similar distortions of derived depth are found for haptic tasks and perceptual judgments. With a quantitative test, we demonstrate that our results are consistent with the Intrinsic Constraint model and do not require 3D metric inferences (Domini, Caudek, & Tassinari, 2006). By contrast, the linear cue integration model (Landy, Maloney, Johnston, & Young, 1995) cannot explain the present results, even if the flatness cues are taken into account.

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“…However, it was recently shown that identical optic flow patterns are interpreted differently depending on whether they were generated by observer or object motion (Fantoni, Caudek, & Domini, 2010; van Boxtel, Wexler, & Droulez, 2003; Wexler, Panerai, Lamouret, & Droulez, 2001). An observer who uses image flow from a device that fixates the object, such as an eye might do, will find that the image flow is ambiguous.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experience affects the use of ego-motion signals during 3D shape perception

Jain

Backus

2010

Journal of Vision

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Experience has long-term effects on perceptual appearance (Q. Haijiang, J. A. Saunders, R. W. Stone, & B. T. Backus, 2006). We asked whether experience affects the appearance of structure-from-motion stimuli when the optic flow is caused by observer ego-motion. Optic flow is an ambiguous depth cue: a rotating object and its oppositely rotating, depth-inverted dual generate similar flow. However, the visual system exploits ego-motion signals to prefer the percept of an object that is stationary over one that rotates (M. Wexler, F. Panerai, I. Lamouret, & J. Droulez, 2001). We replicated this finding and asked whether this preference for stationarity, the “stationarity prior,” is modulated by experience. During training, two groups of observers were exposed to objects with identical flow, but that were either stationary or moving as determined by other cues. The training caused identical test stimuli to be seen preferentially as stationary or moving by the two groups, respectively. We then asked whether different priors can exist independently at different locations in the visual field. Observers were trained to see objects either as stationary or as moving at two different locations. Observers’ stationarity bias at the two respective locations was modulated in the directions consistent with training. Thus, the utilization of extraretinal ego-motion signals for disambiguating optic flow signals can be updated as the result of experience, consistent with the updating of a Bayesian prior for stationarity.

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Systematic distortions of perceived planar surface motion in active vision

Cited by 20 publications

References 63 publications

Perceived Surface Slant Is Systematically Biased in the Actively-Generated Optic Flow

Perceived Surface Slant Is Systematically Biased in the Actively-Generated Optic Flow

Integration of disparity and velocity information for haptic and perceptual judgments of object depth

Experience affects the use of ego-motion signals during 3D shape perception

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