Systematic Detailed Design of Unequal-Split 3-Way Bagley Power Dividers Using Uniform Transmission Lines

Abstract

In this paper, we systematically derive design equations for 3-way Bagley power dividers with arbitrary split ratios using interconnecting transmission lines with the same characteristic impedance. The exact value of the characteristic impedance for a specific dividing ratio is determined using these equations to achieve perfect input port matching. To validate the design procedure, two microstrip dividers with different split ratios, 1 : 3 : 1 and 1 : 10 : 1, are designed, simulated, fabricated, and measured. The desired split ratios are achieved at the design frequency, 1 GHz. Good agreement between simulated and measured results is obtained.

Design of seven‐way Bagley power divider with arbitrary output power ratio

“…Therefore, the positive square root for both y 1 and y 4 are used to derive both Z 1 and Z 4 in Equations (22) and (30), respectively. On the other hand, the negative square root for both y 2 and y 3 are used to derive both Z 2 and Z 3 in Equations (25) and 28, respectively. All of this is shown in Equations (31)- (34).…”

“…22 Some authors have also found that BPDs can be used for unequal output power splitting where, several techniques were reported in the literature to address this issue for 3-way BPD and 5-way BPD. [23][24][25][26][27] The main objective of this article is to investigate seven-way BPD with an arbitrary output power splitting for the first time. It would be of a special interest to extend the number of BPD output ports according to applications of these dividers in wireless communication systems, antenna feeders, radars, and RF amplifiers.…”

“…A number of authors have improved designing BPDs by replacing microstrip lines with waveguides, 18,19 substrate integrated waveguide, 5,20,21 and coplanar waveguide 22 . Some authors have also found that BPDs can be used for unequal output power splitting where, several techniques were reported in the literature to address this issue for 3‐way BPD and 5‐way BPD 23‐27 …”

General design equations for 3‐way unequal‐split Bagley power dividers

“…However, the value of the fixed characteristic impedance that guarantees input port matching in the latter methodology is subject to parametric analysis. To overcome such a drawback, a systematic detailed design of unequal-split 3-way BPDs with uniform TLs was proposed in [27], where the characteristic impedances can be accurately obtained using analytically derived equations.…”

“…In this paper, general equations are derived to design 3-way unequal split BPDs with arbitrary TLs parameters (i.e. the electrical lengths of the TLs between the divider ports are not fixed as in [25], and the characteristic impedances are not the same for all TLs as in [27]). The derived equations show that the other two methods are special cases of the proposed one.…”