Systematic design of microscope objectives. Part III: miscellaneous design principles and system synthesis

Abstract

In this paper, the lens modules used in the Zones 1–4 microscope objectives, which have been summarised in Part II, are utilised to create new structures. Both the modification of available systems and the synthesis of new system structures from basic building blocks are introduced. Moreover, design principles used under four special cases are introduced in this paper, including very-low-magnification Zone 5 objectives, very-high-magnification Zone 6 objectives, objectives with correction function (CORR) and objectives with diffractive optical elements, which were not systematically discussed in Part II. All the definitions and terms are based on the preceding papers.

Fabrication of a low-cost benchtop optical imager for quantum dot microarray-based stress biomarker detection

“…By introducing a positive meniscus lens (LE1234, Thorlabs GmbH, Munich, Germany) in the objective assembly developed for imaging, not only the spherical aberration was minimized, but also the working distance was reduced to approximately 10 mm, as verified by ray-optical simulations using the Zemax software. This led to an estimated numerical aperture (NA) of approximately 0.7, following the design criteria detailed in [ 36 – 38 ]. The optical setup developed also incorporates an electrically tunable lens (EL-12-30-TC-VIS-16D, Optotune, Switzerland), for automated focusing during the measurements using the focus stacking method.…”

“…Human Hsp90a (stock concentration 3 mg/mL or 33 µM) was recombinantly synthesized in E. coli BL21DE3 cells and purified as described earlier [ 38 ]. As a presence and activity test a microarray-based Cy5-ATP binding and Radicicol displacement assay was performed to determine the Hsp90 activity as described recently [ 39 , 40 ].…”

Microscope objective design and analysis using new theory of secondary axial color

“…Design B also illustrates some of the effects of the SF principle, as described by Zhang and Gross. 7 The material choice of NSF66 in the front element helps correct the secondary axial color in two ways. NSF66 has a high D value, allowing large amounts of uncorrected primary axial color to propagate through the system, causing induced contributions.…”