Systematic Comparison of Brain Imaging Meta-Analyses of ToM with vPT

Arora, Aditi; Schurz, Matthias; Perner, Josef

doi:10.1155/2017/6875850

Cited by 27 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…The present meta-analyses would however invite to link mental states ascription processes to the most posterior and dorsal part of the TPJ (AG). This account corroborates previous works which directly aimed at comparing the neural substrate of different types of social cognition tasks (Arora et al, 2017;Mar, 2011;Perner & Leekam, 2008).…”

Section: The Tpj As a Domain General Neural Correlate Of Self-other Dsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…"when having to consider the perspective of another agent" vs "the perspective of an arrow"). Finally, the same research team (Arora, Schurz & Perner, 2017) compared the brain areas engaged in visual perspective-taking with numerous other social cognition tasks. Again, they identified overlap between brain activations for visual perspective-taking and other types of mental state attribution.…”

Section: // Insertmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of the Temporoparietal Junction in Self-Other Distinction

Quesque

Braß

2019

Brain Topogr

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Being able to discriminate between what originates from ourselves and what originates from others is critical for efficient interactions with our social environment. However, it remains an open question whether self-other distinction is a domain-general mechanism that is involved in various social-cognitive functions or whether specific 'self-other distinction mechanisms' exist for each of these functions. On the neural level, there is evidence that self-other distinction is related to a specific brain region at the border of the superior temporal and inferior parietal cortex, the temporoparietal junction (TPJ). Demonstrating that the TPJ plays a role in social processes that require self-other distinction would support the idea of a domain-general mechanism of self-other distinction. In the present paper, we review evidence coming from clinical observations, neuroimaging experiments and a meta-analysis indicating the involvement of the TPJ in various cognitive operations requiring self-other distinction. At the perceptual level, we discuss the human ability to identify one's own body and to distinguish it from others. At the action level, we review research on the human ability to experience agency and the control of imitative response tendencies. Finally, at the mental-state level, we discuss the ability to attribute mental states to others. Based on this integrative review, we suggest that the TPJ, and in particular its dorsal part, supports a domain general ability to enhance task-relevant representations when self-related and other-related representations are in conflict. Finally, this conception allows us to propose a unifying architecture for the emergence of numerous sociocognitive abilities.

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Section: The Tpj As a Domain General Neural Correlate Of Self-other Dsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: // Insertmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of the Temporoparietal Junction in Self-Other Distinction

Quesque

Braß

2019

Brain Topogr

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“…This argument is plausible given that the angular gyrus is also known to be involved in episodic memory retrieval (Wagner et al, 2005 for review). In a similar vein, the left angular gyrus has also been associated with visual perspective taking (Arora et al, 2017; Schurz et al, 2013). Higher activation in the gradual-repeat compared to the gradual-naïve condition might therefore reflect repeated alternation between two different perspectives – similar to bistable perception.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

The neural systems for perceptual updating

et al. 2018

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In a constantly changing environment we must adapt to both abrupt and gradual changes to incoming information. Previously, we demonstrated that a distributed network (including the anterior insula and anterior cingulate cortex) was active when participants updated their initial representations (e.g., it's a cat) in a gradually morphing picture task (e.g., now it's a rabbit; Stöttinger et al., 2015). To shed light on whether these activations reflect the proactive decisions to update or perceptual uncertainty, we introduced two additional conditions. By presenting picture morphs twice we controlled for uncertainty in perceptual decision making. Inducing an abrupt shift in a third condition allowed us to differentiate between a proactive decision in uncertainty-driven updating and a reactive decision in surprise-based updating. We replicated our earlier result, showing the robustness of the effect. In addition, we found activation in the anterior insula (bilaterally) and the mid frontal area/ACC in all three conditions, indicative of the importance of these areas in updating of all kinds. When participants were naïve as to the identity of the second object, we found higher activations in the mid-cingulate cortex and cuneus - areas typically associated with task difficulty, in addition to higher activations in the right TPJ most likely reflecting the shift to a new perspective. Activations associated with the proactive decision to update to a new interpretation were found in a network including the dorsal ACC known to be involved in exploration and the endogenous decision to switch to a new interpretation. These findings suggest a general network commonly engaged in all types of perceptual decision making supported by additional networks associated with perceptual uncertainty or updating provoked by either proactive or reactive decision making.

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“…Identification with an avatar in a game entails psychological interpersonal skills, such as Theory of Mind (ToM) abilities [33]. ToM is defined as the "the ability to attribute and reason about mental states of others" [34]. Thus, it can be assumed, that the ToM entails the reflection and knowledge about the "affective" and "cognitive" states of another person.…”

Section: Imaging Studies On Self-concept and Theory Of Mindmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Who Am I” and “How Should I Be”: a Systematic Review on Self-Concept and Avatar Identification in Gaming Disorder

et al. 2020

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Purpose of Review Gaming disorder (GD) appears to be associated with self-concept deficits and increased identification with one's avatar. The goal of this literature review is to highlight study findings assessing psychological and neurobiological correlates of self-concept-related characteristics and avatar identification in GD. Recent Findings The review was based on three literature researches on GD: (1) self-esteem, (2) emotional, social, and academic self-concept domains and avatar identification, and (3) neurobiological correlates of self-concept and avatar identification. The results indicate that GD is associated with decreased self-esteem as well as deficits in physical, social, and emotional self-concept domains. A relatively stable relationship between higher avatar identification and GD was reported in addicted gamers. Furthermore, addicted gamers showed increased activation of brain regions associated with Theory-of-Mind processing while contemplating their own avatar. Summary The results point towards impairments in self-concept and increased identification with the virtual gaming character in addicted gamers. This virtual compensation fosters the formation of an idealized self-concept, which grows increasingly distant from their own self-image. Thus, additional empirically based psychological interventions should focus on the development of a realistic self-image by reducing the dysfunctional discrepancy between the ideal self and the real self.

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Systematic Comparison of Brain Imaging Meta-Analyses of ToM with vPT

Cited by 27 publications

References 83 publications

The Role of the Temporoparietal Junction in Self-Other Distinction

The Role of the Temporoparietal Junction in Self-Other Distinction

The neural systems for perceptual updating

“Who Am I” and “How Should I Be”: a Systematic Review on Self-Concept and Avatar Identification in Gaming Disorder

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