Systematic analysis of TiO2 compact layer effect on the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells

Combi-Matrix Based on TiO2 Aerogel for Diagnosis of Sepsis Using Laser Desorption and Ionization Mass Spectrometry

“…Recently, laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LDI-ToF MS) has been developed for quantitative analysis of small molecules using inorganic matrices instead of conventional organic matrices. , Because these inorganic matrices are not fragmented by laser radiation, no mass peak occurs from the matrix and quantitative analysis of small molecules in the m / z range of less than 1000 can be effectively achieved by the formation of a homogeneous sample crystal. Inorganic matrices ionize the analytes on their surfaces via laser radiation (photocatalytic reaction), and effective desorption of the ionized analytes (photothermal conversion) is required for LDI-MS. Inorganic matrices have been classified into three major families: (1) carbon-based nanostructures such as carbon nanotubes and graphenes, , (2) semiconductor nanostructures, , and (3) metal nanoparticles. , In particular, TiO 2 nanostructures in the anatase phase have been frequently used as inorganic matrices for LDI-MS because the TiO 2 is an N-type semiconductor with suitable bandgap energy (3.2 eV for anatase, 3.0 eV for rutile) to absorb the UV energy used for LDI-MS (generally, a N 2 -laser with a wavelength of 337 nm and a photon energy of 3.7 eV). − Among the various nanostructures, aerogel structures possess unique nanoporous networks with a high surface area for charge exchange reactions between matrices and analytes. Furthermore, scaffold networks based on TiO 2 do not ablate although they may be deformed.…”