System Transfer, Education, and Development in Mozambique

Abstract

In this study the author used conceptual historical method to assess the phenomenon of system transfer and the association between education and development in Mozambique. The assessment was administered through critical analysis of documents pertaining to the Salazar (1924-1966), Machel (1975-1986), and Chissano (1986-2005) administrations. The findings were that (a) the colonial government created economic and educational systems for colonizing Mozambique, whereas the Machel and Chissano administrations adapted foreign systems of government and education (i.e., Socialism, Soviet, Democracy, Portuguese, etc.), to their particular context without altering the inherent theoretical basis of the systems transferred; (b) the Machel and Chissano administrations, implicitly or explicitly, perceived the relationship between education and development as circular causality rather than a unidirectional linear causality, while the Salazar administration perceived it as unidirectional linear causality; and (c) while the Machel and Chissano administrations focused on primary education, literacy campaigns, and education of women and girls, they differed in the reasons for such focus.

Origins and Effects of Education System Transplantation: A Literature Review

“…Educational systems shape and normalize individuals and organizations within an educational context. Individuals who are regarded as educated are shaped by educational systems, and their behavior and ideological values are influenced by educational systems (Cossa, 2011;Tomlinson, 2005). Moreover, the educational system also normalizes organizational structures, maintains education policy, and orders proper execution (Clark, 1986;Cossa, 2011).…”

“…Individuals who are regarded as educated are shaped by educational systems, and their behavior and ideological values are influenced by educational systems (Cossa, 2011;Tomlinson, 2005). Moreover, the educational system also normalizes organizational structures, maintains education policy, and orders proper execution (Clark, 1986;Cossa, 2011). In a globalization era, many countries establish or develop their own educational system through absorbing and transforming the advantages of educational systems from other countries.…”