System-of-Systems Design Thinking on Behavior

Abstract

Due to the increasing digitalization of all societal systems, informed design of services and systems becomes pertinent for various stakeholders. This paper discusses the design of digital systems in a user-centered way with the help of subject-oriented design. The approach follows a communication-driven and network-centric perspective on a System-of-Systems, whereby system specifications encapsulate behavior and exchange messages, including relevant data, such as business objects. Systems can represent activities of human actors, as well as artefacts. Stakeholders can be actively involved in their roles in the design of a System-of-Systems. In the course of design, they identify and refine role-specific behavior, based on communication to other actors or systems. A System-of-Systems specification evolves as a network of cooperating behavior entities. It develops according to communication needs and system-specific capabilities, on the level of synchronized execution agents, or as an overlay mechanism on existing applications or sub networks. Since certain behavior sequences, such as decision-making procedures, are re-occurring in organizations or eco-systems, the design of complex systems can be facilitated by behavior patterns stemming from existing modeling experiences.

Behavior-Centered Digital-Twin Design for Dynamic Cyber-Physical System Development

“…It constitutes a temporary hierarchy and allows to enrich the operational intelligence (cf. [43]). Emergent requirements and intelligent behavior can also occur in regular operations, and need to be captured by the DT model accordingly.…”

Enhancement Belief Function with Ontology to Solve the Conflict for the System of Systems

“…And to permit the implementation of system models. The idea of providing communication structures must be followed as an integral part of the track information system specifications [22]. The SoS architecture must assemble the functions of the connection functions as a primary specification structure.…”

Value-Oriented Articulation

“…For instance, education support systems comprise social media and content management systems for learning support. SoS subjects can execute local actions that do not involve interacting with other subjects (e.g., a clock providing the time in an office), and communicative actions that are concerned with exchanging messages between subjects, that is, sending and receiving messages, for example, triggering ringing a tone (Stary and Wachholder 2015;Stary 2017).…”