System-Level Investigation of Multi-MW Direct-Drive Wind Power PM Vernier Generators

Padinharu, D. K. Kana; Li, Guangjin; Zhu, Z. Q.; Clark, Richard E.; Thomas, A.; Azar, Ziad

doi:10.1109/access.2020.3032567

Cited by 23 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Hence, to represent the slot/pole numbers in a generic way across all power ratings, a new term called normalized pole pitch (𝜏 𝑟 ̅ ) is introduced, defined as the ratio of rotor pole pitch to magnetic airgap length [21]. The trend of normalized average torque (using the torque generated by the corresponding conventional SPM machine as reference) with 𝜏 𝑟 ̅ for different power ratings, such as 3kW, 0.5MW, 3MW, 5MW and 10MW, was studied in [21], [22]. It was an interesting observation that the normalized torque curves of these power ratings overlapped each other as a function of 𝜏 𝑟 ̅ .…”

Section: A Torque and Torque Ripplementioning

confidence: 99%

“…At around 5MW power level, the structural mass is found to contribute to 80% of the total generator mass. Whereas the structural and active materials almost equally contribute to the total generator cost [22]. Hence, it is important to consider both the active and structural materials of the generator while comparing different generator topologies.…”

Section: Mass and Costmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The overall mass of an SPM-V generator at around 500kW is found to be 26% lower than that of the conventional SPM generator. This includes a 45% reduction in the active mass and a 13% reduction in structural mass [22]. However, the benefit in the active mass reduction is diminishing when the power is scaled up to multi-MW levels.…”

Section: Mass and Costmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At around 10MW power level, the active mass of the SPM-V generator is found to be 3-4% higher than the conventional SPM machine. But a 10% reduction in the structural mass has given the edge to the SPM-V machine with a 7% overall mass reduction [22].…”

Section: Mass and Costmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the SPM-V machines show a potential to reduce the overall mass and cost of the direct-drive generator, there are a few more design aspects to be considered which can pose more challenges to the existing benefits. The system-level comparisons between the conventional SPM and the SPM-V generators presented in [22] are performed for the same copper loss between these two types of machines. However, to achieve high torque density, the SPM-V machines are generally designed for high τ r ̅ (>2.2) which results in much smaller stator slots than the conventional SPM machines at multi-MW power levels [24].…”

Section: Mass and Costmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Permanent Magnet Vernier Machines for Direct-Drive Offshore Wind Power: Benefits and Challenges

Padinharu

Zhu

et al. 2022

IEEE Access

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Permanent magnet Vernier (PM-V) machines, at low power levels (few kWs), have shown a great potential to improve the torque density of existing direct-drive PM machines without much compromising on efficiency or making the machine structure more complicated. An improved torque density is very desirable for offshore wind power applications where the size of the direct-drive machine is an increasing concern. However, the relatively poor power factors of the PM-V machines will increase the power converter rating and hence cost. The objective of this paper is to review the benefits and challenges of PM-V machines for direct-drive offshore wind power applications. The review has been presented considering the system-level (direct-drive generator + converter) performance comparison between the surface-mounted permanent magnet Vernier (SPM-V) machines and the conventional SPM machines. It includes the indepth discussion on the challenges facing the PM-V machines when they are scaled up for multi-MW offshore wind power application. Other PM-V topologies discussed in literature have also been reviewed to asses their suitability for offshore wind power application.

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Section: A Torque and Torque Ripplementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mass and Costmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mass and Costmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mass and Costmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mass and Costmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Permanent Magnet Vernier Machines for Direct-Drive Offshore Wind Power: Benefits and Challenges

Padinharu

Zhu

et al. 2022

IEEE Access

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Design and Analysis of Permanent-Magnet Vernier Machine for Direct-Driven Wind Power Generator Considering Pole-Slot Combinations

Kim

Kang

Jung

et al. 2022

J. Electr. Eng. Technol.

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Wind power turbines have increasingly attracted attention as a renewable energy source. Gearboxes in wind turbines reduce their efficiency, require periodic maintenance, and result in gearbox failure. Consequently, direct-driven generators with a high torque density have emerged as an alternative because they transmit the high torque of the wind turbine directly. Permanent-magnet vernier machines (PMVMs) possess a simple and robust structure and significantly high torque density at low speeds. Although various topologies and pole-slot combinations of PMVMs have been considered to enhance their performance, studies on fractional-slot distributed-winding PMVMs (FSDW PMVMs) remain limited compared with those on fractional-slot concentrated-winding PMVMs (FSCW PMVMs). In this study, we designed eight models, including permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs), FSDW, and FSCW PMVMs for direct-driven wind power generators. Their performances in terms of torque density, torque ripple, losses, and power factor were compared and verified using finite element analysis. The FSDW PMVM was proposed as the best model for direct-driven wind power generators based on the torque density, torque ripple, and possibility of performance improvement.

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Comparative analysis of maximum power extraction and control methods between PMSG and PMVG-based wind turbine systems

Palanimuthu¹,

Mayilsamy²,

Lee³

et al. 2022

International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems

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System-Level Investigation of Multi-MW Direct-Drive Wind Power PM Vernier Generators

Cited by 23 publications

References 25 publications

Permanent Magnet Vernier Machines for Direct-Drive Offshore Wind Power: Benefits and Challenges

Permanent Magnet Vernier Machines for Direct-Drive Offshore Wind Power: Benefits and Challenges

Design and Analysis of Permanent-Magnet Vernier Machine for Direct-Driven Wind Power Generator Considering Pole-Slot Combinations

Comparative analysis of maximum power extraction and control methods between PMSG and PMVG-based wind turbine systems

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