Syriac Medical Terminology: Sergius and Galen's Pharmacopia

Bhayro, Siam

doi:10.1177/1477835105059089

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The Apkallus As Evil Beings In Mesopotamian Mythology1

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Cited by 7 publications

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“…(Foster 2005: 882). For a comparison of the Enochic giants to the destructive Seven in the Erra Epic, see Bhayro 2005: 244-45. 54.…”

Section: The Apkallus As Evil Beings In Mesopotamian Mythologymentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Origin of Watchers: A Comparative Study of the Antediluvian Wisdom in Mesopotamian and Jewish Traditions

Annus

2010

Journal for the Study of the Pseudepigrapha

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In the article, it is argued that the origin of Watchers derives from the Mesopotamian mythology of the antediluvian sages ( apkallus). More precisely, it is proposed that the mythology of Watchers and their sons the giants derived from inverted versions of various Mesopotamian myths and beliefs about apkallus. On some layers of Mesopotamian mythology and ritual practices, the sages were already regarded as dangerous and potentially malicious creatures, upon which the Jewish authors could build their parody. Among other associations, the apkallus had strong ties to Mesopotamian demonology, and they were occasionally counted as evil beings, capable of witchcraft. This shows that the wickedness of antediluvian teachers of humankind in Jewish sources was not wholly an inversion of the Mesopotamian traditions by Jewish scholars, but was partly taken from already existing trends in Mesopotamian demonology.

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“…(Foster 2005: 882). For a comparison of the Enochic giants to the destructive Seven in the Erra Epic, see Bhayro 2005: 244-45. 54.…”

Section: The Apkallus As Evil Beings In Mesopotamian Mythologymentioning

confidence: 99%