“… 45 Soon penicillin was being utilized in all stages of syphilis, including as the sole agent for neurosyphilis. 46 By 1948, a review of syphilis in the New England Journal of Medicine predicted: “The use of penicillin therapy alone in the treatment of neurosyphilis has not yet produced effects equal to those of malaria, but with lengthening experience it seems possible that results with penicillin will approach those of older routines.” 47 …”