Synzootics

Sweeny, Amy R.; Albery, Gregory F.; Becker, Daniel J.; Eskew, Evan A.; Carlson, Colin J.

doi:10.1111/1365-2656.13595

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…Projections suggest that hundreds of new future viral sharing events may occur in Southeast Asia [7]. Novel interactions may be of concern for species survival as pathogens could spread more easily in vulnerable wild populations, which could facilitate epizootics and panzootics [83]. The role of bats as putative reservoirs of different zoonosis-causing agents must be interpreted with care, though [84].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Present and future distribution of bat hosts of sarbecoviruses: implications for conservation and public health

Muylaert

Kingston

Luo

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Global changes in response to human encroachment into natural habitats and carbon emissions are driving the biodiversity extinction crisis and increasing disease emergence risk. Host distributions are one critical component to identify areas at risk of spillover, and bats act as reservoirs of diverse viruses. We developed a reproducible ecological niche modelling pipeline for bat hosts of SARS-like viruses (subgenus Sarbecovirus), given that since SARS-CoV-2 emergence several closely-related viruses have been discovered and sarbecovirus-host interactions have gained attention. We assess sampling biases and model bats’ current distributions based on climate and landscape relationships and project future scenarios. The most important predictors of species distribution were temperature seasonality and cave availability. We identified concentrated host hotspots in Myanmar and projected range contractions for most species by 2100. Our projections indicate hotspots will shift east in Southeast Asia in >2 °C hotter locations in a fossil-fueled development future. Hotspot shifts have implications for conservation and public health, as loss of population connectivity can lead to local extinctions, and remaining hotspots may concentrate near human populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Present and future distribution of bat hosts of sarbecoviruses: implications for conservation and public health

Muylaert

Kingston

Luo

et al. 2021

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Projections suggest that hundreds of new future viral sharing events may occur in Southeast Asia [7]. Novel interactions may be of concern for species survival as pathogens could spread more easily in vulnerable wild populations, which could facilitate epizootics and panzootics [90]. The role of bats as putative reservoirs of different zoonosis-causing agents must be interpreted with care, though [91].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Present and future distribution of bat hosts of sarbecoviruses: implications for conservation and public health

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Global changes in response to human encroachment into natural habitats and carbon emissions are driving the biodiversity extinction crisis and increasing disease emergence risk. Host distributions are one critical component to identify areas at risk of viral spillover, and bats act as reservoirs of diverse viruses. We developed a reproducible ecological niche modelling pipeline for bat hosts of SARS-like viruses (subgenus Sarbecovirus ), given that several closely related viruses have been discovered and sarbecovirus–host interactions have gained attention since SARS-CoV-2 emergence. We assessed sampling biases and modelled current distributions of bats based on climate and landscape relationships and project future scenarios for host hotspots. The most important predictors of species distributions were temperature seasonality and cave availability. We identified concentrated host hotspots in Myanmar and projected range contractions for most species by 2100. Our projections indicate hotspots will shift east in Southeast Asia in locations greater than 2°C hotter in a fossil-fuelled development future. Hotspot shifts have implications for conservation and public health, as loss of population connectivity can lead to local extinctions, and remaining hotspots may concentrate near human populations.

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“…This synzootic concept derives from the term "syndemic", used in human medicine to assess the consequences of multiple diseases acting in tandem in a given socio-economic and environmental conditions on human populations (Singer et al, 2017). This syndemic point of view has barely been applied to wildlife (Sweeny et al, 2021), although the risk of suffering from multiple infections in variable environments is the norm (Bordes andMorand, 2011, Munson et al, 2008) and thus the likelihood of potential synzootic interactions is great. Knowledge about the impact of infectious diseases on wildlife demographics is mainly based on outbreaks by single pathogens.…”

Section: Full Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

The synzootic potential of common epidemics in chamois populations

Garrido-Amaro

Jolles

Velarde

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Southern chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica) is a medium-sized and gregarious mountain ungulate with populations affected by periodic outbreaks of border disease virus (BD), infectious keratoconjunctivitis (IKC), and sarcoptic mange (SM). Even though the impact of each disease on chamois populations has been described in detail, there is a lack of information about the potential impact of concomitant epidemics and the synzootic potential (co-occurring enzootic or epizootic processes producing worse health outcomes in wildlife) on chamois populations. Furthermore, whether a specific order of apparition of epidemics is more or less harmful for the host population is practically unknown not only for chamois but also for most mammal populations. Using a population viability analysis (PVA), we studied the consequences of multiple disease outbreaks with synzootic potential on growth rates and probabilities of extinction of virtual populations exposed to hard winters, density dependence and co-occurring BD, IKC and SM outbreaks. Such infections are not under cross-immunity nor density-dependent processes and thus are supposed to affect population demography independently. Heavy snowfalls are also likely to occur in our simulated populations. Our simulations showed that a second outbreak, even caused by a low virulent pathogen, causes an increase in the probability of extinction of the host population with regard to the first outbreak. IKC-BD and SM-BD affected populations had a higher risk of becoming extinct in 50 years confirming the extra risk of multiple outbreaks on the viability of the affected populations.

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Synzootics

Cited by 8 publications

References 107 publications

Present and future distribution of bat hosts of sarbecoviruses: implications for conservation and public health

Present and future distribution of bat hosts of sarbecoviruses: implications for conservation and public health

Present and future distribution of bat hosts of sarbecoviruses: implications for conservation and public health

The synzootic potential of common epidemics in chamois populations

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