Synthetic Seed Technology, Application and Future Trends

Abstract

In nature, seeds are typically the primary method of plant propagation. Some plants can be vegetatively propagated but conventional methods are time consuming, expensive and cannot produce plants at larger scale. Synthetic seed technology could play a significant role in the production of artificial seeds, or Syn-seeds. Somatic embryos lacked crucial auxiliary tissues like endosperm and protective coverings, which made them difficult to handle and store. Two kinds of somatic embryos are known as desiccated and hydrated seeds based on the techniques developed thus far. The goal of this study is to emphasize the historical and current status of the creation of synthetic seeds. The micropropagation method is still one of the main barriers to the advancement of artificial seed technology. Despite the use of somatic embryos for artificial seed generation in a variety of plant species, there are still some significant problems that must be resolved before progress can be made. The synthetic seed process is a godsend for the vegetative multiplication, conservation, & long-term conservation of rare, endangered, and vulnerable species' superior germplasm. The current scenario of artificial seed to advance agriculture innovation still requires more practical directed appliances.

Medicinal Use, Flower Trade, Preservation and Mass Propagation Techniques of Cymbidium Orchids—An Overview

“…In the direct methods, the germinated orchid seeds on artificial media are counted [37], while in the indirect method, the metabolic activity of embryos is examined using chemicals such as fluorescein diacetate (FDA) ortetrazolium salts. To determine seed quality, germination tests are most commonly adopted to assess seed viability in plant production [38].…”

“…This is an independent pathway in which they develop without an intervening callus phase. The cells of young protocorms are highly meristematic in nature and can be used to rejuvenate and enhance plant regeneration in Cymbidiums [38].…”

Indução da embriogênese somática indireta em explantes foliares e segmentos nodais de sucuúba

“…Entre as diversas técnicas, a embriogênese somática se destaca como uma importante ferramenta para a propagação de plantas (MORAIS et al, 2012). Têm aplicabilidades relacionadas à multiplicação de plantas elites oriundas de programas de melhoramento, plantas transgênicas e sementes sintéticas (MAHESHWARI;GARG, 2023;NGUYEN et al, 2023). E na última década, resultados satisfatórios acerca da regeneração de plantas via embriogênese somática já foram reportados para espécies lenhosas como Swietenia macrophylla (ARIAS et al, 2019), podendo ser uma alternativa viável para a multiplicação de outras espécies economicamente importantes, como H. sucuuba.…”

Synthetic Seed Production and Slow Growth Storage of In Vitro Cultured Plants of Iris pallida Lam.

“…The slow growth storage (SGS) methodology was already tested in several micropropagated species [7][8][9][10]. Using synthetic seed technology through the alginate encapsulation of somatic embryos is an effective procedure for short-to-mid-term storage and the exchange of germplasms [11][12][13].…”