Synthetic Polysaccharide‐Based Vaccines: Progress and Achievements

Gurbanov, Rafig

doi:10.1002/9781119711414.ch31

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…It has been proposed that, in contrast to switched memory B cells that embody the highly specific adaptive memory, IgM memory B cells may instead act as a first line of defense [ 29 ]. Capsular polysaccharides are T cell-independent B cell antigens, and due to their capacity to induce protective antibody responses, are used for vaccination [ 30 , 90 ]. In fact, an altered response to polysaccharide vaccines, as well as an increased susceptibility to bacterial infections has been described in different groups of people with a reduced frequency of IgM memory B cells, e.g., newborns [ 30 , 31 , 42 , 46 , 47 , 91 , 92 ], congenitally asplenic and splenectomized individuals [ 29 , 46 ] or patients with common variable immunodeficiency [ 47 , 93 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human IgMhiCD300a+ B Cells Are Circulating Marginal Zone Memory B Cells That Respond to Pneumococcal Polysaccharides and Their Frequency Is Decreased in People Living with HIV

Vitallé,

Zenarruzabeitia,

Merino-Pérez

et al. 2023

IJMS

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CD300a is differentially expressed among B cell subsets, although its expression in immunoglobulin (Ig)M+ B cells is not well known. We identified a B cell subset expressing CD300a and high levels of IgM (IgMhiCD300a+). The results showed that IgMhiCD300a+ B cells were CD10−CD27+CD25+IgDloCD21hiCD23−CD38loCD1chi, suggesting that they are circulating marginal zone (MZ) IgM memory B cells. Regarding the immunoglobulin repertoire, IgMhiCD300a+ B cells exhibited a higher mutation rate and usage of the IgH-VDJ genes than the IgM+CD300a− counterpart. Moreover, the shorter complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) amino acid (AA) length from IgMhiCD300a+ B cells together with the predicted antigen experience repertoire indicates that this B cell subset has a memory phenotype. IgM memory B cells are important in T cell-independent responses. Accordingly, we demonstrate that this particular subset secretes higher amounts of IgM after stimulation with pneumococcal polysaccharides or a toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) agonist than IgM+CD300a− cells. Finally, the frequency of IgMhiCD300a+ B cells was lower in people living with HIV-1 (PLWH) and it was inversely correlated with the years with HIV infection. Altogether, these data help to identify a memory B cell subset that contributes to T cell-independent responses to pneumococcal infections and may explain the increase in severe pneumococcal infections and the impaired responses to pneumococcal vaccination in PLWH.

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