Synthetic natural gas from biomass by catalytic conversion in supercritical water

Vogel, Frédéric; Waldner, Maurice H.; Rouff, Ashaki A.; Rabe, Stefan

doi:10.1039/b614601e

Cited by 50 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The goal of our study was to assess the performance of a carbon-supported ruthenium catalyst (2% wt. Ru on activated carbon from Engelhard) that we have used successfully in the earlier studies Vogel et al 2007). Some runs were performed in the absence of the catalyst to check for coke formation and to obtain a baseline conversion.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SunCHem: an integrated process for the hydrothermal production of methane from microalgae and CO2 mitigation

et al. 2009

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We describe a potential novel process (SunCHem) for the production of bio-methane via hydrothermal gasification of microalgae, envisioned as a closed-loop system, where the nutrients, water, and CO 2 produced are recycled. The influence on the growth of microalgae of nickel, a trace contaminant that might accumulate upon effluent recycling, was investigated. For all microalgae tested, the growth was adversely affected by the nickel present (1, 5, and 10 ppm). At 25 ppm Ni, complete inhibition of cell division occurred. Successful hydrothermal gasification of the microalgae Phaeodactylum tricornutum to a methane-rich gas with high carbon gasification efficiency (68-74%) and C1-C3 hydrocarbon yields of 0.2 g C1-C3 /g DM (DM, dry matter) was demonstrated. The biomass-released sulfur was shown to adversely affect Ru/C catalyst performance. Liquefaction of P. tricornutum at short residence times around 360°C was possible without coke formation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SunCHem: an integrated process for the hydrothermal production of methane from microalgae and CO2 mitigation

et al. 2009

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“…For the conceptual process design, some key variables can be identified from the decision variable distribution of the optimal configurations. In general, high pressure facilitates high SNG and chemical efficiency since it reduces the specific enthalpy requirement of the bulk water [1]. Decreasing pressure thus requires the combustion of more SNG to supply the minimum energy requirements (MER) of the process and emphasizes power cogeneration from the excess heat.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared to wood, all these substrates offer a higher hydrogen fraction and thus an increased theoretical methane yield from the dry, ash-free substance according to Equation (1). Except coffee grounds and lignin slurry, they yet suffer from a higher ash content which reduces the effective biomass content if diluted to the same dry solids content.…”

Section: Candidate Substratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unlike conventional technologies, it does not suffer from an incomplete conversion like biomethanation, and may efficiently convert wet feedstock due to a sharply decreasing specific and latent heat demand of water at supercritical pressure that rules out conventional production by gasification and methanation [1]. Waste biomass such as manure, sewage sludge and food processing residues, are substrates that are largely unused and inherently cheap.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimal process design for the polygeneration of SNG, power and heat by hydrothermal gasification of waste biomass: Process optimisation for selected substrates

Gassner

Vogel

Heyen

et al. 2011

Energy Environ. Sci.

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Based on a previously developed thermo-economic process model, this paper presents a detailed design study for the polygeneration of Synthetic Natural Gas (SNG), power and heat by catalytic hydrothermal gasification of biomass and biomass wastes in supercritical water. Using multi-objective optimisation techniques, the thermodynamic and thermo-economic performances of all candidate configurations from a general process superstructure are optimised with respect to SNG and electricity cogeneration and its associated investment cost, production cost and plant profitability. The paper demonstrates how both the optimal system configuration, its operating conditions and performances depend on the available technology, catalyst lifetime, process scale and the characteristics of the processed substrate. Nomenclature Abbreviations GT

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“…Research into the use of heterogeneous catalysts in SCWG has grown in recent years [8][9]. Ruthenium-based catalysts have been found to be very effective in the conversion of carbonaceous materials, with high carbon gasification efficiencies in moderate-temperature hydrothermal media [3,[8][9][10][11]. Among the ruthenium-based catalyst, the most reported have been Ru/C [12][13][14], Ru/TiO2 [10,15] and Ru/Al2O3 [16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic supercritical water gasification of plastics with supported RuO2: A potential solution to hydrocarbons–water pollution problem

Onwudili

Williams

2016

Process Safety and Environmental Protection

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ABSTRACT:Here we report on a potential catalytic process for efficient clean-up of plastic pollution in waters, such as the Great Pacific Garbage Patch (CPGP). Detailed catalytic mechanisms of RuO2 during supercritical water gasification of common polyolefin plastics including low-density polyethylene (LDPE), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polypropylene (PP) and polystyrene (PP), have been investigated in a batch reactor at 450 °C, 60 min. All four plastics gave very high carbon gasification efficiencies (CGE) and hydrogen gasification efficiencies (HGE). Methane as the highest gas component, with a yield of up to 37 mol kg -1 LDPE using the 20 wt% RuO2 catalyst. Evaluation of the gas yields, CGE and HGE revealed that the conversion of PS involved thermal degradation, steam reforming and methanation; whereas hydrogenolysis was a possible additional mechanism during the conversion of aliphatic plastics. The process has the benefits of producing a cleanpressurized methane-rich fuel gas as well as cleaning up hydrocarbons-polluted waters.

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Synthetic natural gas from biomass by catalytic conversion in supercritical water

Cited by 50 publications

References 6 publications

SunCHem: an integrated process for the hydrothermal production of methane from microalgae and CO2 mitigation

SunCHem: an integrated process for the hydrothermal production of methane from microalgae and CO2 mitigation

Optimal process design for the polygeneration of SNG, power and heat by hydrothermal gasification of waste biomass: Process optimisation for selected substrates

Catalytic supercritical water gasification of plastics with supported RuO2: A potential solution to hydrocarbons–water pollution problem

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