Synthetic Macrocycle Nanopore for Potassium-Selective Transmembrane Transport

Qiao, Dan; Joshi, Himanshu; Zhu, Huangtianzhi; Wang, Fushi; Xu, Yang; Gao, Jiajia; Huang, Feihe; Aksimentiev, Aleksei; Feng, Jiandong

doi:10.1021/jacs.1c04910

Cited by 42 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The pivotal residue is the W102, which is likely to act as a central role connecting multiple π-π interactions between the phenyl, hydroxyphenyl or indole rings containing residues and π-cation interactions between potassium and the phenyl, hydroxyphenyl or indole rings containing residues. This new principle of potassium selectivity may provide rationales to design organic artificial potassium channels 12 . The mutations around gate region may allow us to discover better optogenetic tools, including the high potassium selectivity mutations (Y81A and Y106A).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryo-EM structures of kalium channelrhodopsins KCRs

Zhang

Shan

et al. 2022

Preprint

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H. catenoides kalium channelrhodopsins (HcKCR1 and HcKCR2) are potassium-selective light-gated ion channels with unique properties for optogenetics. Here we report cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of HcKCR1 and HcKCR2 with endogenous retinal. Strikingly, one structure of HcKCR1 represents the conducting state with continuous potassium ion flow in the lumen, while another in non-conducting state with discontinuous potassium ion flow. Further electrophysiological studies identified extracellular side of ion permeation region as the major element for channel potassium selectivity and retinal binding region for channel gating. Our results uncover the unprecedented potassium selectivity and light-gating mechanism, and may facilitate the rational design of new optogenetic tools.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryo-EM structures of kalium channelrhodopsins KCRs

Zhang

Shan

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…The photo-responsive host–guest systems have the advantages of reversible assembly and the ability of selective recognition. It is an ideal platform for measuring ionic and molecular transport in atomic precision when it is introduced into the nanochannels ( Sun et al, 2020 ; Qiao et al, 2021 ). Therefore, the research progress of photo-responsive host–guest-assembled nanochannels in recent years has been reviewed, including the design of nanochannels, regulation of ionic and molecular transport, and application for desalination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light-responsive nanochannels based on the supramolecular host–guest system

Quan

Guo

et al. 2022

Front. Chem.

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The light-responsive nanochannel of rhodopsin gained wider research interest from its crucial roles in light-induced biological functions, such as visual signal transduction and energy conversion, though its poor stability and susceptibility to inactivation in vitro have limited its exploration. However, the fabrication of artificial nanochannels with the properties of physical stability, controllable structure, and easy functional modification becomes a biomimetic system to study the stimulus-responsive gating properties. Typically, light-responsive molecules of azobenzene (Azo), retinal, and spiropyran were introduced into nanochannels as photo-switches, which can change the inner surface wettability of nanochannels under the influence of light; this ultimately results in the photoresponsive nature of biomimetic nanochannels. Furthermore, the fine-tuning of their stimulus-responsive properties can be achieved through the introduction of host–guest systems generally combined with a non-covalent bond, and the assembling process is reversible. These host–guest systems have been introduced into the nanochannels to form different functions. Based on the host–guest system of light-responsive reversible interaction, it can not only change the internal surface properties of the nanochannel and control the recognition and transmission behaviors but also realize the controlled release of a specific host or guest molecules in the nanochannel. At present, macrocyclic host molecules have been introduced into nanochannels including pillararenes, cyclodextrin (CD), and metal–organic frameworks (MOFs). They are introduced into the nanochannel through chemical modification or host–guest assemble methods. Based on the changes in the light-responsive structure of azobenzene, spiropyran, retinal, and others with macrocycle host molecules, the surface charge and hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties of the nanochannel were changed to regulate the ionic and molecular transport. In this study, the development of photoresponsive host and guest-assembled nanochannel systems from design to application is reviewed, and the research prospects and problems of this photo-responsive nanochannel membrane are presented.

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“…Binary macrocycle nanochannels are ideal platforms for measuring atomic precision ion and molecular transport. [102,103] The introduction of macrocyclic compounds into photosensitive nanochannel can precisely transport specific molecules and ions, expanding its applications in confined space. Remarkably, the light responsive inorganic materials usually have a good photothermal and photoelectric effect.…”

Section: Conclusion and Prospectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoresponsive Solid Nanochannels Membranes: Design and Applications

Cheng

Zhang

Min

et al. 2021

Small

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Biological channels have fundamental roles in the metabolism of organisms by precisely regulating the transport of molecules and ions, which is necessary to maintain the normal activity of the living body. [1,2] A typical example of biological channelrhodopsins that serve as sensory photoreceptors would function as a signal transmission medium. [1] Inspired by biological channels, scientists have built various artificial solid Light stimuli have notable advantages over other environmental stimuli, such as more precise spatial and temporal regulation, and the ability to serve as an energy source to power the system. In nature, photoresponsive nanochannels are important components of organisms, with examples including the rhodopsin channels in optic nerve cells and photoresponsive protein channels in the photosynthesis system of plants. Inspired by biological channels, scientists have constructed various photoresponsive, smart solidstate nanochannels membranes for a range of applications. In this review, the methods and applications of photosensitive nanochannels membranes are summarized. The authors believe that this review will inspire researchers to further develop multifunctional artificial nanochannels for applications in the fields of biosensors, stimuli-responsive smart devices, and nanofluidic devices, among others.

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Synthetic Macrocycle Nanopore for Potassium-Selective Transmembrane Transport

Cited by 42 publications

References 46 publications

Cryo-EM structures of kalium channelrhodopsins KCRs

Cryo-EM structures of kalium channelrhodopsins KCRs

Light-responsive nanochannels based on the supramolecular host–guest system

Photoresponsive Solid Nanochannels Membranes: Design and Applications

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