Synthetic Glycoconjugates. 4. Use of .omega.-(Acrylamido)alkyl Glycosides for the Preparation of Cluster Glycopolymers

Synthesis of new S‐glycodendrimer toward activation of lac operon transcription for protein biosynthesis

“…5 Remarkable attention is also being devoted to glycobiology and glycochemistry. Although the recognition process is based on carbohydrate-protein [6][7][8][9][10][11][12] and carbohydrate-carbohydrate 13,14 interactions, individual interactions are generally low. Some glycopolymers in which saccharide residues are incorporated to polymer backbones induce enhancement of binding affinity toward proteins ascribed to multivalent recognition, that is, a ''cluster effect.''…”

“…Some glycopolymers in which saccharide residues are incorporated to polymer backbones induce enhancement of binding affinity toward proteins ascribed to multivalent recognition, that is, a ''cluster effect.'' [6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Even the glycopolymers in which the spaces between the saccharides are random showed strong recognition. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Therefore, if the threedimensional arrangement, that is, interval and direction of the pendant carbohydrate might be regulated, remarkable enhancement of the binding ability could be expected.…”

“…[6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Even the glycopolymers in which the spaces between the saccharides are random showed strong recognition. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Therefore, if the threedimensional arrangement, that is, interval and direction of the pendant carbohydrate might be regulated, remarkable enhancement of the binding ability could be expected. Aoi et al 15,16 applied a dendrimer skeleton and Matsuura et al 17,18 proposed new strategies to prepare periodic glycosylated oligonucleotide (20-mers) for the three-dimensional arrangement of saccharide.…”

Preparation of a sorbitol methacrylate grafted silica as stationary phase for hydrophilic interaction chromatography

“…The subject has since been covered in a number of reviews, the most recent being that by Ladmiral et al [6]. The solution polymerization of monomers bearing protected sugar side chains has been shown using free radical [7], atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) [8 -10], reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) [11], and living cationic [12] polymerizations. Polymerization of unprotected styrenebased sugar monomers [13 -14] has been reported in water using both ammonium peroxodisulfate/N,N,N9,N9-tetramethylethylenediamine and azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as initiators.…”

“…Unprotected methacrylate-based carbohydrate-carrying monomers have been polymerized by ATRP [15]. Often polymerizations of unprotected sugar-containing monomers have actually been co-polymerizations with acrylamide [7,16].…”