Synthetic Gene Networks in Plant Systems

Junker, Astrid; Junker, Björn H.

doi:10.1007/978-1-61779-412-4_21

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The rapid slag test was very simple, and the main advantage of this test was the investigation directly on the pelletized fuel itself, using about 5 g of pellets per trial in accordance with ref . The exact mass of the fuel was not relevant for further evaluation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The exact mass of the fuel was not relevant for further evaluation. The fuel was placed in a heat-resistant crucible (VWR collection, porcelain, a diameter of 45 mm, a height of 28 mm, a capacity of 21 mL, one-time-use only) and heated up to 1100 °C (instead of 1250 °C as proposed by ref ) applying a constant heating rate of 5 K/min and keeping the final temperature of 1100 °C constant for 30 min (furnace Nabertherm GmbH, muffle furnace LT15/13/P330). The originally suggested final temperature was adapted since most muffle furnaces were only capable of temperatures up to 1200 °C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are theoretical approaches for slag tendency evaluation (fuel indexes, equilibrium calculations, and ternary phase diagrams), several laboratory methods, and combustion experiments. An overview with a brief description of different laboratory methods such as the AFT, thermomechanical analysis, the melt area fraction, thermogravimetric analysis, simultaneous differential thermal analysis, simultaneous thermal analysis, the slag analyzer using a downdraft combustion, a compression strength test, ,, electrical resistance/conductivity/thermal conductivity, a pressure drop technique, a simple oven method, a rapid slag test using pellets, and a CIEMAT test using ash is given in Wopienka .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New Experimental Evaluation Strategies Regarding Slag Prediction of Solid Biofuels in Pellet Boilers

et al. 2019

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Pellet boilers and pellet stoves are widely used for heat production. But in most cases, only specific wood pellets with a low ash content are approved due to the increased risk of slagging and limited deashing capacity. The ash fusion test (AFT), according to prCEN/TS 15370-1, is currently the only standard method for the prediction of slagging. This method is not feasible for all biomass fuel types, since sometimes the characteristic temperatures cannot be determined or the characteristic shapes do not occur for temperature determination. Furthermore, the method is costly and requires complex instrumental infrastructure. Hence, a demand for more expressive or more rapid methods to characterize slag formation potential of fuels is often claimed. Based on a literature study, four such laboratory test methods were chosen, partly adapted, and then experimentally investigated. These methods included thermal treatment of the fuel itself or the ashes of the fuel and were the rapid slag test, CIEMAT, the slag analyzer, and the newly developed pellet ash and slag sieving assessment (PASSA) method. Method performance was practically assessed using 14 different biomass fuel pellets, which were mainly from different assortments of wood, but also herbaceous or other nonwoody fuels. The results from the tests with these four alternative methods were evaluated by comparing to both results from standard AFT and results from full-scale combustion tests performed over a maximum of 24 h. Seven different pellet boilers were assessed, of which one boiler was used to apply all 14 test fuels. According to the granulometric ash analysis (i.e., the ratio of >1 mm-fraction toward total ash formed), the sensitivity of the new test methods to depict slagging phenomena at a suitable level of differentiation was assessed. Satisfactory conformity of the boiler ash assessment (reference) was found for both, the slag analyzer and the PASSA method. The latter may, in particular, be seen as a promising and relatively simple low-input procedure, which can provide more real-life oriented test results for fixed-bed combustion. The standardized AFT could, however, not sufficiently predict the degree of slag actually formed in the reference boiler, particularly when only wood fuels are regarded.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New Experimental Evaluation Strategies Regarding Slag Prediction of Solid Biofuels in Pellet Boilers

et al. 2019

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“…Several chemically regulated systems have already been implemented in plants based on a wide range of inducers including hormones, antibiotics, ethanol, or even metals (Junker and Junker, ; Dutt et al ., ; Liu et al ., ). For instance, a widely applied synthetic switch sensitive to dexamethasone (DEX) consists of a fusion protein between the hormone‐binding domain of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) from rat to a heterologous DBD (Aoyama and Chua, ).…”

Section: Synthetic Molecular Toolboxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthetic strategies for plant signalling studies: molecular toolbox and orthogonal platforms

Braguy

Zurbriggen

2016

The Plant Journal

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SUMMARYPlants deploy a wide array of signalling networks integrating environmental cues with growth, defence and developmental responses. The high level of complexity, redundancy and connection between several pathways hampers a comprehensive understanding of involved functional and regulatory mechanisms. The implementation of synthetic biology approaches is revolutionizing experimental biology in prokaryotes, yeasts and animal systems and can likewise contribute to a new era in plant biology. This review gives an overview on synthetic biology approaches for the development and implementation of synthetic molecular tools and techniques to interrogate, understand and control signalling events in plants, ranging from strategies for the targeted manipulation of plant genomes up to the spatiotemporally resolved control of gene expression using optogenetic approaches. We also describe strategies based on the partial reconstruction of signalling pathways in orthogonal platforms, like yeast, animal and in vitro systems. This allows a targeted analysis of individual signalling hubs devoid of interconnectivity with endogenous interacting components. Implementation of the interdisciplinary synthetic biology tools and strategies is not exempt of challenges and hardships but simultaneously most rewarding in terms of the advances in basic and applied research. As witnessed in other areas, these original theoretical-experimental avenues will lead to a breakthrough in the ability to study and comprehend plant signalling networks.

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“…The ability to control transgene expression in plant systems is essential for the analysis of complex regulatory systems and metabolic pathways, and in particular to study genes that have deleterious effects on plant growth and development and can therefore not be expressed constitutively. 1,2 Furthermore, inducible transgene expression can be utilized for the production of therapeutic proteins in plant cell culture to confine protein production to growth phases with an optimal biosynthetic capacity. 3 Consequently, several transgene expression systems have been developed that can be controlled by chemicals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A red light-controlled synthetic gene expression switch for plant systems

et al. 2014

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On command control of gene expression in time and space is required for the comprehensive analysis of key plant cellular processes. Even though some chemical inducible systems showing satisfactory induction features have been developed, they are inherently limited in terms of spatiotemporal resolution and may be associated with toxic effects. We describe here the first synthetic light-inducible system for the targeted control of gene expression in plants. For this purpose, we applied an interdisciplinary synthetic biology approach comprising mammalian and plant cell systems to customize and optimize a split transcription factor based on the plant photoreceptor phytochrome B and one of its interacting factors (PIF6). Implementation of the system in transient assays in tobacco protoplasts resulted in strong (95-fold) induction in red light (660 nm) and could be instantaneously returned to the OFF state by subsequent illumination with far-red light (740 nm). Capitalizing on this toggle switch-like characteristic, we demonstrate that the system can be kept in the OFF state in the presence of 740 nm-supplemented white light, opening up perspectives for future application of the system in whole plants. Finally we demonstrate the system's applicability in basic research, by the light-controlled tuning of auxin signalling networks in N. tabacum protoplasts, as well as its biotechnological potential for the chemical-inducer free production of therapeutic proteins in the moss P. patens.

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Synthetic Gene Networks in Plant Systems

Cited by 4 publications

References 43 publications

New Experimental Evaluation Strategies Regarding Slag Prediction of Solid Biofuels in Pellet Boilers

New Experimental Evaluation Strategies Regarding Slag Prediction of Solid Biofuels in Pellet Boilers

Synthetic strategies for plant signalling studies: molecular toolbox and orthogonal platforms

A red light-controlled synthetic gene expression switch for plant systems

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