Synthetic galactomannans with potent anti-HIV activity

Budragchaa, Davaanyam; Bai, Shiming; Kanamoto, Taisei; Nakashima, Hideki; Han, Shuqin; Yoshida, Takashi

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.04.047

Cited by 15 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…More recently, replacing the natural O -glycosidic bonds with an achiral linkage, e.g., amide, carbonate, etc., has enabled an expansion of the scope. A variety of naturally derived synthetic polysaccharides with ortho-ether, ester, amide, carbonate, triazolyl, or a combination linkages between the 1,4-, , the 1,6-, ,, the 1,2-, the 2,3-, − the 2,6-, the 4,6-, − and the 6,6′- positions was obtained via ROP or polycondensation reactions , (representative structures are listed in Figure ). Noteworthy, ROP enables precise control over polymer molar mass, composition, architecture, and end group functionality, allowing for convenient manipulation of the resulting materials toward multiple applications.…”

Section: Chemical Structures and Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbohydrate-Based Macromolecular Biomaterials

et al. 2021

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Carbohydrates are the most abundant and one of the most important biomacromolecules in Nature. Except for energy-related compounds, carbohydrates can be roughly divided into two categories: Carbohydrates as matter and carbohydrates as information. As matter, carbohydrates are abundantly present in the extracellular matrix of animals and cell walls of various plants, bacteria, fungi, etc., serving as scaffolds. Some commonly found polysaccharides are featured as biocompatible materials with controllable rigidity and functionality, forming polymeric biomaterials which are widely used in drug delivery, tissue engineering, etc. As information, carbohydrates are usually referred to the glycans from glycoproteins, glycolipids, and proteoglycans, which bind to proteins or other carbohydrates, thereby meditating the cell–cell and cell–matrix interactions. These glycans could be simplified as synthetic glycopolymers, glycolipids, and glycoproteins, which could be afforded through polymerization, multistep synthesis, or a semisynthetic strategy. The information role of carbohydrates can be demonstrated not only as targeting reagents but also as immune antigens and adjuvants. The latter are also included in this review as they are always in a macromolecular formulation. In this review, we intend to provide a relatively comprehensive summary of carbohydrate-based macromolecular biomaterials since 2010 while emphasizing the fundamental understanding to guide the rational design of biomaterials. Carbohydrate-based macromolecules on the basis of their resources and chemical structures will be discussed, including naturally occurring polysaccharides, naturally derived synthetic polysaccharides, glycopolymers/glycodendrimers, supramolecular glycopolymers, and synthetic glycolipids/glycoproteins. Multiscale structure–function relationships in several major application areas, including delivery systems, tissue engineering, and immunology, will be detailed. We hope this review will provide valuable information for the development of carbohydrate-based macromolecular biomaterials and build a bridge between the carbohydrates as matter and the carbohydrates as information to promote new biomaterial design in the near future.

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Section: Chemical Structures and Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbohydrate-Based Macromolecular Biomaterials

et al. 2021

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“…Many studies have shown the effectiveness of sulfonated chitosan derivatives as antiviral agents. Two groups have shown that sulfated synthetic galactomannans possess anti-HIV activity with low cytotoxicity Accepted Article (Budragchaa et al 2015;Dimassi et al 2018). N-carboxymethylchitosan N,O-sulfate has also exhibited activity against HIV by inhibition of HIV-reverse transcriptase (Dimassi et al 2018).…”

Section: Accepted Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the antiviral activity of Chitosan, including patented applications and its potential use against COVID‐19

Jaber

Al-Remawi

Al-Akayleh

et al. 2021

J of Applied Microbiology

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Chitosan is a plentiful organic polysaccharide, which can be relatively easily obtained by chemical modification of animal or fungal source materials. Chitosan and its derivatives have been shown to exhibit direct anti-viral activity, to be useful vaccine adjuvants and to have potential anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity. This thorough and timely review looks at the recent history of investigations into the role of chitosan and its derivatives as an antiviral agent and proposes a future application in the treatment of endemic SARS-CoV-2.

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“…Sulfated synthetic galactomannans have strong anti-HIV activity and negligible cytotoxicity comparable to standard dextran sulfates and curdlan. The mechanism of anti-HIV action involves electrostatic interaction between negatively charged sulfate groups and positively charged amino groups on HIV surface protein (Budragchaa et al 2015).…”

Section: Polysaccharidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteins, peptides, polysaccharides, and nucleotides with inhibitory activity on human immunodeficiency virus and its enzymes

Cheung

Wong

et al. 2015

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the causative agent of acquired immune deficiency syndrome, has claimed innumerable lives in the past. Many biomolecules which suppress HIV replication and also other biomolecules that inhibit enzymes essential to HIV replication have been reported. Proteins including a variety of milk proteins, ribosome-inactivating proteins, ribonucleases, antifungal proteins, and trypsin inhibitors; peptides comprising cathelicidins, defensins, synthetic peptides, and others; polysaccharides and polysaccharopeptides; nucleosides, nucleotides, and ribozymes, demonstrated anti-HIV activity. In many cases, the mechanism of anti-HIV action has been elucidated. Strategies have been devised to augment the anti-HIV potency of these compounds.

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Synthetic galactomannans with potent anti-HIV activity

Cited by 15 publications

References 15 publications

Carbohydrate-Based Macromolecular Biomaterials

Carbohydrate-Based Macromolecular Biomaterials

A review of the antiviral activity of Chitosan, including patented applications and its potential use against COVID‐19

Proteins, peptides, polysaccharides, and nucleotides with inhibitory activity on human immunodeficiency virus and its enzymes

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