Synthetic and Natural Vitamin Supplements for Corn and Soybean Oil Meal Chick Rations , ,

Vitamin Tolerance of Animals

“…The chick's choline requirement is substantial (aproximately 1,300 mg/kg of diet) until about 13 weeks of age, after which time endogenous synthesis can apparently satisfy physiological demands. Berry et al, (1943), Marvel et al, (1943), and Mishler et al, (1946) found that the apparent choline requirements of chicks are increased by including soybean meal in the diet. Soybeans contain significant amounts (in excess of 2,500 mg/kg) of choline.…”

Studies on Feed Efficiency

“…The control ration was similar to that used by Mishler et al (1946) and was as follows: The salt mixture consisted of 90 percent iodizecl salt and 10 percent manganese sulphate. D-activated animal sterol was included to provide 100 vitamin D units per 100 grams of ration.…”

“…Heuser et al (1945) have also reported decreased efficiency and a slower growth rate with high fiber rations, involving bran and middlings. Mishler et al (1946) found that the replacement of ground corn with 10 percent each of bran and middlings resulted in decreased growth and a greater amount of feed per unit of gain. Their results were obtained when the wheat products replaced ground yellow corn in either a simple corn and soybean oil meal ration supplemented with minerals and synthetic vitamins or a laboratory control ration which has repeatedly given rapid growth and efficient gains.…”

Supplementary Vitamin A and Choline in the Diet of the Growing Chick

“…Clandinin et al (1946) reported that only one out of four soybean oil meals tested was improved by the addition of choline. Mishler, Carrick, Roberts and Hauge (1946) reported that a ration composed of corn, soybean meal, minerals, fish oil, and synthetic riboflavin, pantothenic acid, and niacin appeared to be deficient in choline since the rate of growth was improved by the addition of choline chloride to the diet.…”