Synthetic 3D diamond-based electrodes for flexible retinal neuroprostheses: Model, production and in vivo biocompatibility

Bendali, Amel; Rousseau, Lionel; Lissorgues, Gaëlle; Scorsone, Emmanuel; Djilas, Milan; Dégardin, Julie; Dubus, Élisabeth; Fouquet, Stéphane; Benosman, Ryad; Bergonzo, P.; Sahel, José‐Alain; Picaud, Serge

doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.07.018

Cited by 54 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(82 reference statements)

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“…Examples of such coatings are IrO 2 and polyethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT), with CSCs estimated at 28 mC/cm 2 and 75 mC/cm 2 , respectively [52]. Nanocrystaline diamonds have recently been considered for retinal stimulation showing promising biocompatibility [53] and a theoretical CSC of 10 mC/cm 2 when topographically enhanced with CNTs [54].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon nanotube electrodes for retinal implants: A study of structural and functional integration over time

et al. 2017

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The choice of electrode material is of paramount importance in neural prosthetic devices. Electrodes must be biocompatible yet able to sustain repetitive current injections in a highly corrosive environment. We explored the suitability of carbon nanotube (CNT) electrodes to stimulate retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in a mouse model of outer retinal degeneration. We investigated morphological changes at the bio-hybrid interface and changes in RGC responses to electrical stimulation following prolonged in vitro coupling to CNT electrodes.We observed gradual remodelling of the inner retina to incorporate CNT assemblies. Electrophysiological recordings demonstrate a progressive increase in coupling between RGCs and the CNT electrodes over three days, characterized by a gradual decrease in stimulation thresholds and increase in cellular recruitment. These results provide novel evidence for time-dependent formation of viable bio-hybrids between CNTs and the retina, demonstrating that CNTs are a promising material for inclusion in retinal prosthetic devices.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon nanotube electrodes for retinal implants: A study of structural and functional integration over time

et al. 2017

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“…Innovative microfabrication processes are being developed to circumvent the first limitation [108], but no data on active 3-dimensional implants has been published to date.…”

Section: Pre-clinical Evaluation Of Prosthetic Visionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic approaches to restoration of sight

Goetz

Palanker

2016

Rep. Prog. Phys.

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Retinal prostheses are a promising means for restoring sight to patients blinded by the gradual atrophy of photoreceptors due to retinal degeneration. They are designed to reintroduce information into the visual system by electrically stimulating surviving neurons in the retina. This review outlines the concepts and technologies behind two major approaches to retinal prosthetics: epiretinal and subretinal. We describe how the visual system responds to electrical stimulation. We highlight major differences between direct encoding of the retinal output with epiretinal stimulation, and network-mediated response with subretinal stimulation. We summarize results of pre-clinical evaluation of prosthetic visual functions in- and ex-vivo, as well as the outcomes of current clinical trials of various retinal implants. We also briefly review alternative, non-electronic, approaches to restoration of sight to the blind, and conclude by suggesting some perspectives for future advancement in the field.

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“…Retinal prosthetics fabricated with patterned microarrays of ND electrodes can provide high-resolution images restoring the vision of blind patients. A flexible 3D implant with 25 × 25 microarrays of electrodes composed of ND films displayed a fivefold improvement in image resolution compared with the Iris R II (Pixium Vision, France, Paris), a product used in clinical trials for retinal implant [31].…”

Section: Other Emerging Biomedical Applications Of Ndsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adoption of nanodiamonds as biomedical materials for bone repair

et al. 2017

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Keywords: gene/drug delivery • nanodiamonds • therapeutics Nanodiamonds (NDs) are an emerging class of biologically compatible carbon-based nanomaterials that possess a set of unique properties essential for the design of innovative therapies in the fields of drug delivery, tissue engineering and bioimaging [1]. For instance, the high surface area along with the tunable surface chemistry enables the physical adsorption or covalent conjugation of a variety of therapeutic molecules, such as drugs, peptides and growth factors [2][3][4][5]. Additionally, NDs' surface can be modified with targeting biological signals to achieve a selective cellular internalization of chemotherapeutic agents as well as genetic materials. Aside from their role as carriers in drug and gene delivery, NDs have been widely explored as nanofillers to improve the physical and mechanical properties of both natural and synthetic scaffolds [6,7]. Specifically, NDs have found application in the field of bone tissue engineering as reinforcing nanomaterial to design nanocomposite systems necessary to promote bone regeneration. This editorial emphasizes on the current state-of-the-art research using NDs in the field of bone repair, with a focus on the recent breakthroughs such as precise immobilization of growth factors and peptides. Biomolecule immobilization via surface functionalization of NDsNDs are carbon-based nanomaterials, which possess a set of unique properties that enables their use in a variety of applications including drug delivery, tissue engineering and bioimaging. This advantage has encouraged scientists to investigate NDs for a broad range of applications [8] in regenerative medicine with a primary focus on bone tissue engineering. NDs possess versatile surface functionalities and they can be loaded with virtually any type of biomolecule, thereby enabling their use as delivery vehicles in bone-healing applications [9]. The presence of surface functional groups can efficiently control the interfacial reactions between the nanoparticle and the active biomolecule, eventually maximizing the therapeutic efficiency of the delivered biomaterial. The initial functional groups present on the surface of NDs, following the formation of the nanoparticle, vary according to the selected synthesis and purification methods. For example, hydrogen-assisted chemical vapor deposition generates NDs bearing hydrogen-terminated surfaces. On the other hand, methods, such as detonation synthesis, introduce a highly diverse surface chemistry, with functional groups such as hydroxyl, carbonyl, ether and carboxyl groups. It is essential to maintain a similar functionality throughout the entire surface to enable further surface reactions. Thus, chemical treatment of the NDs is often required to create homogenized reactive surfaces. Among the possible alternatives, carboxylation, hydroxylation or hydrogenation are the commonly investigated routes to generate -COOH and -OH groups on the surface. Due to the presence of these diverse functionalities on the surfac...

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Synthetic 3D diamond-based electrodes for flexible retinal neuroprostheses: Model, production and in vivo biocompatibility

Cited by 54 publications

References 41 publications

Carbon nanotube electrodes for retinal implants: A study of structural and functional integration over time

Carbon nanotube electrodes for retinal implants: A study of structural and functional integration over time

Electronic approaches to restoration of sight

Adoption of nanodiamonds as biomedical materials for bone repair

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