Synthesize Structural, Dielectric, and Optical Properties of Phosphorus Pentasulfide Modified Co-Polyurethane for Electrical Applications

Abstract

A novel composition of co-polyurethane modified phosphorus pentasulfide is formed. The formed polyurethan is the source of N and O elements in the formulation, while phosphorus pentasulfide is the source of P and S. A rich P, S, N, and O element polymeric material of co-polyurethane is synthesized. The isocyanate part is toluene diisocyanate, and the polyol part is a mixture of novolac phenol formaldehyde resin and polyethylene glycol 600. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermal analysis of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) elemental analysis are used to characterize the synthesized materials. Phosphorus, sulfur, nitrogen, and oxygen elements are electron donor negative charged elements that have free pairs of electrons which are able to share in the molecule resonance and conjugation, increasing the optical, electrical, and other desired properties. The energy gaps computed for direct and indirect transitions were 2.25 and 2.205 eV, respectively. With modified phosphorus pentasulfide, the optical energy gap value and band energy tails decrease (PPS). The electrical conductivity of the composites at various temperatures was found to be similar to that of semiconducting materials, and the activation energy was calculated. They may therefore be interesting materials for electrical applications.