Synthesis, structure, and photovoltaic property of a nanocrystalline 2H perovskite-type novel sensitizer (CH3CH2NH3)PbI3

Abstract

A new nanocrystalline sensitizer with the chemical formula (CH 3 CH 2 NH 3 )PbI 3 is synthesized by reacting ethylammonium iodide with lead iodide, and its crystal structure and photovoltaic property are investigated. X-ray diffraction analysis confirms orthorhombic crystal phase with a = 8.7419(2) Å, b = 8.14745(10) Å, and c = 30.3096(6) Å, which can be described as 2 H perovskite structure. Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy and UV-visible spectroscopy determine the valence band position at 5.6 eV versus vacuum and the optical bandgap of ca. 2.2 eV. A spin coating of the CH 3 CH 2 NH 3 I and PbI 2 mixed solution on a TiO 2 film yields ca. 1.8-nm-diameter (CH 3 CH 2 NH 3 ) PbI 3 dots on the TiO 2 surface. The (CH 3 CH 2 NH 3 )PbI 3 -sensitized solar cell with iodide-based redox electrolyte demonstrates the conversion efficiency of 2.4% under AM 1.5 G one sun (100 mW/cm 2 ) illumination.

Electrostatic gating of hybrid halide perovskite field-effect transistors: balanced ambipolar transport at room-temperature

“…[10,11] The hybrid perovskites based on methylammonium (where A + = CH 3 NH 3 + ) are most common, but other organic cations, such as ethylammonium CH 3 CH 2 NH 3 + or formamidinium NH 2 CH = NH 2 + have also been explored. [12,13] It has been found that the anion (X = I, Br, Cl) impacts a variety of physical properties such as the crystal quality, [14] band-gap, [15] PV solar cell efficiency, [16] exciton-binding energy [17] and the amplified spontaneous emission wavelength. [8] Mixed halide perovskites such as CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3-x Cl x , offer the possibility of fine tuning the physical properties that result from optimized film morphology, [18] and, in general exhibit higher conductivities and longer carrier diffusion lengths.…”

Steric engineering of metal-halide perovskites with tunable optical band gaps

“…The upper bound describes the case of the close-packed cubic perovskite structure. For values of t larger than 1 the perovskite structure is expected to distort or even form a layered perovskite structure 62 . For each structure we evaluated the Goldschmidt tolerance factor by using the steric sizes calculated via the DFT electron density and reported in Supplementary Table 1.…”

Toward Fluorinated Spacers for MAPI-Derived Hybrid Perovskites: Synthesis, Characterization, and Phase Transitions of (FC2H4NH3)2PbCl4

“…11 (CH 3 CH 2 NH 3 )PbI 3 , which seems to be very similar to MAPI at first sight, contains one dimensional (1D) face sharing PbI 6 octahedral chains. 12 The different structures become comprehensible, when taking the tolerance factor, which was calculated to be 1.05(4) by Kieslich et al, into account. 11 Thus, cations which have at least the size of an ethylammonium cation are likely to be suitable candidates as spacers.…”