Two sulfanylidene-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine derivatives have been synthesized using acid-catalysed cyclocondensation reactions between thiourea, ethyl 3-oxobutanoate and substituted benzaldehydes. In each of ethyl (4RS)-4-(4-benzyloxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2-sulfanylidene-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate, C21H22N2O3S, (I), whereZ′ = 2, and ethyl (4RS)-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2-sulfanylidene-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate 0.105-hydrate, C15H18N2O3S·0.105H2O, (II), the reduced pyrimidine ring adopts a conformation intermediate between the boat, screw-boat and twist-boat forms. In (I) and (II), a combination of N—H...O and N—H...S hydrogen bonds links the organic molecules into ribbons containing alternatingR22(8) andR44(20) rings. In (I), the ribbon contains three types of ring,viz.two differentR22(8) rings which are both centrosymmetric andR44(20) rings which are not centrosymmetric. In (II), the ribbon contains two types of ring, both of which are centrosymmetric. In compound (II), the ribbons enclose continuous channels which run along the twofold rotation axes in the space groupC2/c, and the partial-occupancy water molecules lie within these channels. Structural comparisons are made with a number of related compounds.