Synthesis, properties, and biomedical applications of inorganic bionanomaterials

Shojaei, Taha Roodbar; Soltani, Soroush; Derakhshani, Mohammad Mahdi

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-824147-9.00006-6

Cited by 23 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 178 publications

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“…The coated titanium substrate was discovered to have 76.7% Ti, 18.9% O, 2.5% Pd, 0.1% Co, and other components after the electrode coating. The low percentage values of Pd and Co elements on the titanium substrate are due to these elements' presence as PdO Various factors might cause low percentages of coated oxides on the titanium substrate: [48][49][50] a) Deposition process and parameters: Deposition duration, temperature, and precursor concentrations can all have an influence on coating thickness and percentage. We didn't perform any parameter optimization.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring Disposal Efficiency of COD, NH₃-N, and Turbidity in Diluted Real Leachate Using Ti/PdO-CoO Electrodes in an Electrooxidation Cell: An Investigation into Oxidation Mechanism and Reaction Kinetics Studies

Ogedey,

Oguz

2024

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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In this study, Pd and Co metal oxides, electrochemically deposited on a titanium (Ti) substrate, were utilized to remove chemical oxygen demand (COD), NH3-N, and turbidity from diluted Bingöl leachate. The plating bath was prepared with 7 mM palladium chloride (PdCl2) and 1 mM cobalt chloride (CoCl2), along with 1.68 M NH4Cl, and 0.16 M H3BO3. In the electrooxidation (EO) cell, the anode consisted of a Ti/PdO-CoO electrode, while the cathode was a stainless-steel electrode. The Ti/PdO-CoO electrode demonstrated an actual functional life of 96 hours, as determined through accelerated life testing. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy examinations revealed that the surface of the Ti substrate was coated with PdO and CoO. Turbidity, NH3-N, and COD were electrooxidized indirectly due to the high chloride content (718 mg/L). In the presence of 10 mM NaCl, the highest removal efficiency for NH3-N, COD, and turbidity was 60.5%, 64.9%, and 96.5%, respectively. The removal of COD, NH3-N, and turbidity fit pseudo-second-order (PFO) kinetics (R² 0.97-0.99). For a COD efficiency of 60.5% at 25 mA/cm2, the corresponding energy consumption, unit energy consumption, and electrode cost were 56.25 kWh/m3, 200.89 kWh/kg-COD, and 2.37 ($/kg-COD), respectively.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Advanced EDS detectors, such as ultra-thin window X-ray detectors, may detect light elements like nitrogen (N-K) and oxygen (O-K). 48,51,52 The organic pollutants in the leachate are oxidized by various processes, as shown in Fig. 4, when the Ti/PdO-CoO electrode, which has a high overpotential for oxygen production, is employed as the anode.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Disposal Efficiency of COD, NH₃-N, and Turbidity in Diluted Real Leachate Using Ti/PdO-CoO Electrodes in an Electrooxidation Cell: An Investigation into Oxidation Mechanism and Reaction Kinetics Studies

Ogedey,

Oguz

2024

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…However, this conclusion would need additional studies since some investigations suggest that EDX is not an accurate technique for stoichiometric surface characterization. [ 79 ]…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boosting the Biodegradation and Bioactivity of PBS‐DLS Copolymers via Incorporation of PEG

Zarei,

Michalkiewicz,

El Fray

2024

Macro Materials & Eng

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Biodegradable polymers play a crucial role in the development of materials for biomedical applications. This study investigates the enzymatic biodegradation, bioactivity, and cytotoxicity of poly(butylene succinate‐dilinoleic succinate) (PBS‐DLS) copolymers modified with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). Two copolymer variations with different segmental compositions (70 wt.% and 60 wt.% of hard segments) are synthesized. After modifying the copolymers with PEG, the presence of a lipase catalyst accelerated degradation after 20 days, evidenced by reduced residual content. Gel permeation chromatography analysis showed up to 40% decrease in molecular weight, while gravimetric analysis indicated a mass loss of up to 10%. Morphological examination revealed that the enzymatic breakdown, facilitated by hydrolase activity (boosted by the presence of PEG), resulted in surface erosion, holes, and changes in spherulitic morphology. Bioactivity studies demonstrated the formation of biomimetic calcium/phosphate (Ca/P) crystals. Copolymers with higher crystallinity (70 wt.% hard segments) favored tricalcium phosphate‐like crystal formation, while those with lower crystallinity (60 wt.% hard segments) are more susceptible to hydroxyapatite precipitation. In vitro cytotoxicity tests exhibited excellent cell viability and attachment for all copolymers. The ability to control degradation through PEG modification, along with their bioactivity and cell compatibility, positions them as promising candidates for diverse biomedical applications.

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“…We note that carbon and oxygen contents from SEM‐EDX data are not as surface sensitive as those derived from XPS data, which we used to quantify amounts of surface oxygenates with respect to total surface carbon. The analysis depth of XPS in graphite is 8.7 nm, [ 37 ] whereas that of SEM‐EDX is ≈2 µm; [ 38 ] thus, SEM‐EDX probed samples 230 times deeper into the graphite bulk than XPS, which is a truly surface sensitive technique. Nevertheless, EDX‐derived carbon and oxygen atom percentages are given with EDX data.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Hydroxylation of Carbon Fiber Paper for Long‐Lasting Hydrophilicity by a Green Chemistry Process

Wilsey

Watson

Fasusi

et al. 2022

Adv Materials Inter

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carbon materials can also possess high surface area, such as carbon fiber paper (CFP), making them desirable in many electrochemical, fuel cell, [1] electrolyzer, [2] supercapacitor, [3] sensing, [4] water desalination, [5] and wastewater treatment [6] applications. Another advantage is the excellent biocompatibility of CFP for in vitro and in vivo studies, [7] for biosensing applications, [8] tissue engineering, [9] and in regenerative medicine and cancer treatment. [10] We focus here on CFP because only macroscopic carbon materials can serve as scaffolds for these applications; carbon nanotubes and nanosized graphene flakes require additional supports. Globally scalable clean energy [11] and water purification [12] technologies as well as biocompatible systems must operate in aqueous media and, therefore, require carbon support materials that are hydrophilic for long periods of time.One obstacle that inhibits widespread use of macroscopic carbon materials in aqueous systems is their hydrophobicity. Hydrophilic carbon surfaces are needed to take advantage of the high internal surface area of CFP in aqueous media. Any hydrophilicity-imparting treatment must leave the carbon fiber network structurally intact, so that specifically designed carbon network architectures and pore sizes, which critically affect mass transport characteristics, are not altered during the process.Previously reported methods to increase hydrophilicity of CFP are plasma or chemical etching techniques, sometimes in combination with heat treatments. Ammonia, [6a] nitrogen, [13] oxygen [5,14] or air [15] plasma etching protocols have been reported. Such plasma etches work reasonably well on a laboratory scale, where electrode sizes are on the order of square centimeters or less; yet, plasma methods lead to significant embrittlement of CFP, precluding the production of structurally stable, large-area CFP sheets that are needed for industrial-scale electrolyzers and other applications. Ozone treatment also oxidizes carbon surfaces for improved hydrophilicity. [16] An additional disadvantage is that plasma and ozone generators require large capital expense, especially for large area substrates. Thermal oxidation by a treatment that took more than 16 h also increased hydrophilicity, [17] but that lasted only for 2 d in air when we followed the reported procedure; significant damage to the CFP mesostructures was also observed (Figure S1, Supporting This study reports the selective hydroxylation of macroscopic carbon surfaces that renders initially hydrophobic carbon fiber paper hydrophilic for more than one year (62 weeks) so far. This long time of sustained hydrophilicity is unprecedented and transforms the utility of macroscopic carbon materials. Quantification of surface oxygenates of a systematic series of 13 chemical treatments reveals that surface hydroxyls are predictors of long-lasting hydrophilicity. The rapid, mild, acid-free, transition-metal-free treatment does not leave surface residues, inhibits overoxidation of graphitic carb...

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Synthesis, properties, and biomedical applications of inorganic bionanomaterials

Cited by 23 publications

References 178 publications

Exploring Disposal Efficiency of COD, NH₃-N, and Turbidity in Diluted Real Leachate Using Ti/PdO-CoO Electrodes in an Electrooxidation Cell: An Investigation into Oxidation Mechanism and Reaction Kinetics Studies

Exploring Disposal Efficiency of COD, NH₃-N, and Turbidity in Diluted Real Leachate Using Ti/PdO-CoO Electrodes in an Electrooxidation Cell: An Investigation into Oxidation Mechanism and Reaction Kinetics Studies

Boosting the Biodegradation and Bioactivity of PBS‐DLS Copolymers via Incorporation of PEG

Selective Hydroxylation of Carbon Fiber Paper for Long‐Lasting Hydrophilicity by a Green Chemistry Process

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Synthesis, properties, and biomedical applications of inorganic bionanomaterials

Cited by 23 publications

References 178 publications

Exploring Disposal Efficiency of COD, NH3-N, and Turbidity in Diluted Real Leachate Using Ti/PdO-CoO Electrodes in an Electrooxidation Cell: An Investigation into Oxidation Mechanism and Reaction Kinetics Studies

Exploring Disposal Efficiency of COD, NH3-N, and Turbidity in Diluted Real Leachate Using Ti/PdO-CoO Electrodes in an Electrooxidation Cell: An Investigation into Oxidation Mechanism and Reaction Kinetics Studies

Boosting the Biodegradation and Bioactivity of PBS‐DLS Copolymers via Incorporation of PEG

Selective Hydroxylation of Carbon Fiber Paper for Long‐Lasting Hydrophilicity by a Green Chemistry Process

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Product

Resources

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Exploring Disposal Efficiency of COD, NH₃-N, and Turbidity in Diluted Real Leachate Using Ti/PdO-CoO Electrodes in an Electrooxidation Cell: An Investigation into Oxidation Mechanism and Reaction Kinetics Studies

Exploring Disposal Efficiency of COD, NH₃-N, and Turbidity in Diluted Real Leachate Using Ti/PdO-CoO Electrodes in an Electrooxidation Cell: An Investigation into Oxidation Mechanism and Reaction Kinetics Studies