Synthesis, optimization, and characterization of silver/gold allied bimetallic from Hippeastrum hybridum (L.) and their ex vivo anti‐acetylcholinesterase activity in rat brain

Abstract

Nanotechnology, a modern technique, is apprehensive for small‐size nanoparticle (NP) generation via superficial, straightforward, and pharmaceutically modes. The main aim of the current research was to project the development of a green justifiable method to synthesize Ag/Au bimetallic NPs (BNPs) via Hippeastrum hybridum (HH) extract and then to use these BNPs as rat brain anti‐acetylcholinesterase (anti‐AChE) in ex vivo mode. According to the current results, BNPs exhibited a sharp peak of 542 nm when characterized by ultravioet (UV)–visible spectroscopy; Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) analysis exhibited peaks, which confirmed the existence of various phytochemicals in HH plant extract; X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the crystal BNPs 8.34 nm mean size; scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that BNPs had a square shape with 20‐nm nanomeasures calculated sizes; and energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX) analysis confirmed Ag and Au composition, which was reported to be 12% and 38.26%, respectively. Moreover, the anti‐AChE potential of BNPs was also tested to cure Alzheimer's disease (AD). An excellent anti‐AChE activity was exhibited by BNPs in which AChE exhibited 31 ± 0.22% activity at 150‐μg concentration of BNPs with 103 ± 0.42 μg IC50. Statistical analysis exhibited that BNPs inhibit AChE noncompetitively, Km remain constant, whereas Vmax decreased from 7.24 to 6.1 (18.23% to 31.11%). Ag/Au BNPs do not affect KIapp, while increasing Vmaxiapp from 11.07 to 16 (17.39% to 67.4%). The Km, Ki, and KI were described to be 0.024 mM, 169 μg, and 91 μg, respectively. So, it is concluded that small‐size, stable, potent Ag/Au BNPs were synthesized from HH extract, and consequently, these BNPs significantly inhibit AChE activity in rat brain homogenate and thus prove to be a significant remedy in the treatment of AD.

Revolutionizing Nanotechnology with Filago desertorum Extracts: Biogenic Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Exhibiting Potent Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities

“…The extract’s greatest absorbance peak indicates the presence of phenol and flavonoid components. The evidence suggests that this is the cause of the metal ion’s transformation into metallic nanoparticles . When comparing the absorbance peaks of extract and SNPs, there were only minor variations in their locations and sizes.…”

“…The average size of AgNPs is said to be reduced by increasing the surface plasmon resonance band’s intensity, which is induced by raising the temperature. 11 AgNP synthesis required an optimum condition for their synthesis; in order to obtain small size AgNPs, different factors were followed in the current study, i.e., different pH, temperature, plant extract concentration, and Ag salt concentration. The 35 °C temperature provided a satisfactory peak in the current investigation.…”

“…The evidence suggests that this is the cause of the metal ion’s transformation into metallic nanoparticles. 11 When comparing the absorbance peaks of extract and SNPs, there were only minor variations in their locations and sizes. The stabilization of the SNPs was attributed to the actions of aromatic rings, germinal methyl and ether linkages, flavones, and terpenoids.…”

Detection of the Anticancer and Genotoxic Activities of Heliotropium eichwaldi L.-fabricated Silver Nanoparticles on BHK-21 Cells and Human Blood Lymphocytes Using MTT and Comet Assays

“…The cytotoxic activity of the AgNPs against BHK-21 cells was analyzed using the following protocol [27]. GMEM was used for BHK-21 cell culturing; 100 mL of the medium used for cell growth contained 89 mL of GMEM (12.52 g/L in H 2 O), 1 ml of antibiotics (penicillin-streptomycin), 10 mL of serum, and 0.4 g/L NaHCO 3 (for maintaining the pH at 7.2-7.4).…”

Acetylcholinesterase Activity in the Brain of Rats: Presence of an Inhibitor of Enzymatic Activity in Heliotropium eichwaldi L. Induced Silver/Gold Allied Bimetallic Nanoparticles

“…[3]. MNPs are composed of a single metal and their properties are determined by it, whereas BNPs are composed of two different metals and are considered to be of greater interest than MNPs, from both the technological and scientific viewpoints, because of their greater degree of freedom [4]. The potential of MNPs can be improved to a greater extent via combination with other metals, such as silver (Ag) and gold (Au).…”