Synthesis of α-tocohexaenol (α-T6) a fluorescent, oxidatively sensitive polyene analogue of α-tocopherol

Wang, Yongsheng; Panagabko, Candace; Atkinson, Jeffrey

doi:10.1016/j.bmc.2009.11.051

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Thus, we lost many observations since not all the companies that have published their non-financial information are indexed in Thomson Reuters databases. Given this situation, our estimation could have incurred a potential endogeneity problem, which is problematic in accounting and finance research (Lennox et al, 2012;Tucker, 2010). In addition to this, we acknowledge that we do not clearly indicate and investigate the causal-effect mechanism by initiating an observational study.…”

Section: Limitationmentioning

confidence: 96%

On the Nexus Between CSR Practices, ESG Performance, and Asymmetric information

Usman

Bernardes²,

Kananlua

2020

GADJAH MADA INT. J. BUS.

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The purpose of this paper is to test the relationship of CSR practice–asymmetry information and ESG performance–asymmetry information. We conjecture that there might be a particular role where the disclosure of non-financial information is deemed useful in truncating the level of asymmetry information. Using the data from two different countries, Indonesia (Asia) and Portugal (Europe), we extracted 37 companies with time period of observation ranges from 2012 to 2016. To manifest the empirical test, we use CSR report (CSR_Rep), CSR committee (CSR_com), CSR assurance (CSR_ass) and GRI adoption as the proxies of CSR practice, while the proxies of ESG performance are represented by Environmental (ENVscr), Social (SOCscr), and Governance (GOVscr) pillar scores as obtained from Thomson Reuters ASSET4 database. Bid-ask spread is used as the surrogate indicator of asymmetry information. The empirical test reveals that only variable GRI and SOCscr show negative and significant association with bid-ask spread. Whilst, the remaining variables of CSR practice (CSR_rep, CSR_com, CSR_ass), and ESG performance (ENVscr and GOVscr) are negatively associated with asymmetry information (Spread) but statistically insignificant. Our results suggest that CSR practice and ESG performance are weakly associated with asymmetry information, in which most of CSR practices and ESG performance need a time lag to allow them to be value relevant information in mitigating the level of asymmetry information.

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Section: Limitationmentioning

confidence: 96%

On the Nexus Between CSR Practices, ESG Performance, and Asymmetric information

Usman

Bernardes²,

Kananlua

2020

GADJAH MADA INT. J. BUS.

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“…A.) has completed the synthesis [86] of a fluorescent polyene analog of a-tocopherol called atocohexaenol (Fig. 3) which is exquisitely sensitive to oxidation and yet shares more structural features with a-tocopherol than any other available fluorophore.…”

Section: Do We Know Where Tocopherol Does Its Most Important Job?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The location and behavior of α‐tocopherol in membranes

Atkinson

Harroun

Wassall

et al. 2010

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

Self Cite

168

128

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Vitamin E (a-tocopherol) has long been recognized as the major antioxidant in biological membranes, and yet many structurally related questions persist of how the vitamin functions. For example, the very low levels of a-tocopherol reported for whole cell extracts question how this molecule can successfully protect the comparatively enormous quantities of PUFAcontaining phospholipids found in membranes that are highly susceptible to oxidative attack. The contemporary realization that membranes laterally segregate into regions of distinct lipid composition (domains), we propose, provides the answer. We hypothesize a-tocopherol partitions into domains that are enriched in polyunsaturated phospholipids, amplifying the concentration of the vitamin in the place where it is most needed. These highly disordered domains depleted in cholesterol are analogous, but organizationally antithetical, to the wellstudied lipid rafts. We review here the ideas that led to our hypothesis. Experimental evidence in support of the formation of PUFA-rich domains in model membranes is presented, focusing upon docosahexaenoic acid that is the most unsaturated fatty acid commonly found. Physical methodologies are then described to elucidate the nature of the interaction of a-tocopherol with PUFA and to establish that the vitamin and PUFA-containing phospholipids co-localize in non-raft domains.

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“…S1), tocopherol 27 , lipoic acid 28 , spin traps 29 , the peroxidase mimetic Ebselen 30 , etc. MTAs are widely used in experiments for evaluating the impact of mitochondria on different pathological processes involving oxidative stress 31 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondria-targeted antioxidants as highly effective antibiotics

Nazarov

Osterman

Tokarchuk

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Mitochondria-targeted antioxidants are known to alleviate mitochondrial oxidative damage that is associated with a variety of diseases. Here, we showed that SkQ1, a decyltriphenyl phosphonium cation conjugated to a quinone moiety, exhibited strong antibacterial activity towards Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis, Mycobacterium sp. and Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Photobacterium phosphoreum and Rhodobacter sphaeroides in submicromolar and micromolar concentrations. SkQ1 exhibited less antibiotic activity towards Escherichia coli due to the presence of the highly effective multidrug resistance pump AcrAB-TolC. E. coli mutants lacking AcrAB-TolC showed similar SkQ1 sensitivity, as B. subtilis. Lowering of the bacterial membrane potential by SkQ1 might be involved in the mechanism of its bactericidal action. No significant cytotoxic effect on mammalian cells was observed at bacteriotoxic concentrations of SkQ1. Therefore, SkQ1 may be effective in protection of the infected mammals by killing invading bacteria.

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Synthesis of α-tocohexaenol (α-T6) a fluorescent, oxidatively sensitive polyene analogue of α-tocopherol

Cited by 7 publications

References 62 publications

On the Nexus Between CSR Practices, ESG Performance, and Asymmetric information

On the Nexus Between CSR Practices, ESG Performance, and Asymmetric information

The location and behavior of α‐tocopherol in membranes

Mitochondria-targeted antioxidants as highly effective antibiotics

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