Synthesis of wide atomically precise graphene nanoribbons from para-oligophenylene based molecular precursor

Abdurakhmanova, Nasiba; Amsharov, Nadja; Stepanow, Sebastian; Jansen, Martin; Kern, Klaus; Amsharov, Konstantin

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2014.06.010

Cited by 45 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Short dimer and tetramer of GNR 146 were separately synthesized in solution as model compounds, and single-crystal X-ray analysis of the tetramer revealed non-planar structures of such cove-edged GNRs with alternate ''up-down'' conformations of the peripheral benzene rings. 269 STM analysis revealed the formation of broad GNRs with a width of 2.1 nm, consistent with the molecular models ( Fig. 253 Whereas most of the surface fabrication of GNRs has thus far been performed with triphenylene-and bianthryl-based monomers 121 and 134, respectively, and their derivatives, it is also possible to design feasible syntheses based on simpler oligophenylene monomers.…”

Section: Surface-assisted Synthesis Of Graphene Nanoribbonssupporting

confidence: 77%

New advances in nanographene chemistry

et al. 2015

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Nanographenes, or extended polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, have been attracting renewed and more widespread attention since the first experimental demonstration of graphene in 2004. However, the atomically precise fabrication of nanographenes has thus far been achieved only through synthetic organic chemistry. The precise synthesis of quasi-zero-dimensional nanographenes, i.e. graphene molecules, has witnessed rapid developments over the past few years, and these developments can be summarized in four categories: (1) non-conventional methods, (2) structures incorporating seven- or eight-membered rings, (3) selective heteroatom doping, and (4) direct edge functionalization. On the other hand, one-dimensional extension of the graphene molecules leads to the formation of graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) with high aspect ratios. The synthesis of structurally well-defined GNRs has been achieved by extending nanographene synthesis to longitudinally extended polymeric systems. Access to GNRs thus becomes possible through the solution-mediated or surface-assisted cyclodehydrogenation, or "graphitization," of tailor-made polyphenylene precursors. In this review, we describe recent progress in the "bottom-up" chemical syntheses of structurally well-defined nanographenes, namely graphene molecules and GNRs.

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Section: Surface-assisted Synthesis Of Graphene Nanoribbonssupporting

confidence: 77%

New advances in nanographene chemistry

et al. 2015

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“…Minute variations in the width, the crystallographic symmetry, or the edge structure of GNRs can be translated into major shifts in the electronic band structure. [1][2][3][4] Deterministic bottom-up synthetic approaches based on judiciously designed molecular precursors have demonstrated an unprecedented atomic control over width, [5][6][7][8] edgetopology, [9][10][11][12][13] and the placement of dopants [14][15][16][17][18][19] that is indispensable for the rational tuning of the electronic structure of GNRs. 20 The development, the fundamental exploration, and the mastery of these molecular engineering tools are critical steps toward the integration of functional GNRs into advanced electronic devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orbitally Matched Edge-Doping in Graphene Nanoribbons

et al. 2018

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A series of trigonal planar N-, O-, and S-dopant atoms incorporated along the convex protrusion lining the edges of bottom-up synthesized chevron graphene nanoribbons (cGNRs) induce a characteristic shift in the energy of conduction and valence band edge states along with a significant reduction of the band gap of up to 0.3 eV per dopant atom per monomer. A combination of scanning probe spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations reveals that the direction and the magnitude of charge transfer between the dopant atoms and the cGNR backbone are dominated by inductive effects and follow the expected trend in electronegativity. The introduction of heteroatom dopants with trigonal planar geometry ensures an efficient overlap of a p-orbital lone-pair centered on the dopant atom with the extended π-system of the cGNR backbone effectively extending the conjugation length. Our work demonstrates a widely tunable method for band gap engineering of graphene nanostructures for advanced electronic applications.

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“…by polymerising molecular units in a pre-determined pattern, followed by graphitisation. The first successful examples of this approach have only very recently appeared, [11][12][13][14][15] with the creation of the first molecular GNRs, which show atomically-regular edges over lengths of more than 500 nm. Such GNRs are an important breakthrough, allowing, for the first time, fine tuning of graphene nanostructures by means of atomic precision of synthetic chemistry.…”

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confidence: 99%