Synthesis of Water-Dispersed Sulfobetaine Methacrylate–Iron Oxide Nanoparticle-Coated Graphene Composite by Free Radical Polymerization

Abstract

Research on the synthesis of water-soluble polymers has accelerated in recent years, as they are employed in many bio-applications. Herein, the synthesis of poly[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl)ammonium hydroxide (PSB) by free radical polymerization in a sonication bath is described. PSB and iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) were simultaneously stabilized on the graphene surface. Graphene surfaces with PSB (GPSB) and graphene surfaces with PSB and IONPs (GPSBI) were prepared. Since PSB is a water-soluble polymer, the hydrophobic nature of graphene surfaces converts to hydrophilic nature. Subsequently, the prepared graphene composites, GPSB and GPSBI, were well-dispersed in water. The preparation of GPSB and GPSBI was confirmed by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. The impacts of PSB and IONPs on the graphene surfaces were studied systematically.

MXene nanomaterials in biomedicine: A bibliometric perspective

“…As a new type of 2D nanomaterial, MXene inherits many advantages of common 2D materials, including large specific surface area and excellent electronic, mechanical, and physicochemical properties ( Huang et al, 2020 ). Besides these properties, researchers have found additional characteristics of MXene that make them appropriate for biomedical applications: 1) at the surface of MXene, there are many functional groups, such as hydroxyl, oxygen or fluorine; this allows researchers to load different substances on the surface of MXene, such as various drugs and hydrophilic macromolecules ( Guo et al, 2022 ; Ye et al, 2022 ; Yu et al, 2022 ); 2) unlike hydrophobic nanomaterials such as graphene, MXene is hydrophilic, which makes it biocompatible ( Klimkevicius et al, 2022 ; Perumal et al, 2022 ); 3) MXene exhibits the characteristics of near-infrared absorption (NIR), which enables its application in photothermal therapy (PTT) and photoacoustic imaging (PTA) fields ( Huang et al, 2020 ). Based on the abovementioned excellent properties of MXene, researchers have used it in various fields such as microbiology, oncology, and tissue engineering ( Du et al, 2022 ; Murali et al, 2021 ; Zhang Z. et al, 2022b ).…”

Polymer Nanoparticles: Synthesis and Applications

“…The antidiabetic activity on Streptozotocin-induced diabetic BALB/c mice was reported. Perumal et al [23] synthesized the water-dispersible graphene composite. The graphene surface was functionalized with zwitterion polymer poly [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]dimethyl-(3sulfopropyl)ammonium hydroxide and iron oxide nanoparticle (FeNPs).…”