Abstract:N‐substituted phthalimides have been used to target many biological systems with examples that are clinically used as drugs. Furthermore, N‐substituted phthalimides can also be used in other settings such as in the preparation of polymers, as catalysts, and as protective groups. Because of all these important fields of application, the synthesis of phthalimides is well reported. However, synthetic methods to phthalimides with different heteroatom substituents in position 4 are lacking. The present work describ… Show more
Herein, we report the modular synthesis of carbazole functionalized phthalimides (PI), and demonstrated their applicability as catalyst in selected photocatalytic transformations. The developed synthetic approach provides high variability of phthalimide considering that the synthesis of the phthalimide core can be easily performed. Starting from fluorophthalic acid anhydrides, the corresponding fluorophthalimides were prepared with various amines, and the fluoro function ensured the introduction of carbazoles into the phthalimide framework through aromatic nucleophilic substitution. Besides the synthetic developments, we tested some of the carbazolyl phthalimides in four different photocatalytic transformations, and found attractive and comparable activity to the known 4-CzIPN and noble metal complexes.
Herein, we report the modular synthesis of carbazole functionalized phthalimides (PI), and demonstrated their applicability as catalyst in selected photocatalytic transformations. The developed synthetic approach provides high variability of phthalimide considering that the synthesis of the phthalimide core can be easily performed. Starting from fluorophthalic acid anhydrides, the corresponding fluorophthalimides were prepared with various amines, and the fluoro function ensured the introduction of carbazoles into the phthalimide framework through aromatic nucleophilic substitution. Besides the synthetic developments, we tested some of the carbazolyl phthalimides in four different photocatalytic transformations, and found attractive and comparable activity to the known 4-CzIPN and noble metal complexes.
The design of a NHC‐catalyzed methodology for the straightforward access to hitherto unknown axially chiral N‐aryl phthalimides has provided a breakthrough in the field of multichirality control. Anticipating a formal (4+2) oxidative annulation, the use of NHC‐derived chiral dienolate as ambident partner toward N‐aryl maleimides unexpectedly yields original bis‐succinimide‐type compounds featuring a multichiral architecture with up to four stereogenic centers and two remote chiral axes. The overall pseudo‐three components reaction between an enal and two equivalents of a N‐aryl maleimide proceeds with excellent enantioselectivity and complete diastereoselectivity. This study illustrates the high synthetic potential of chiral NHC‐activated dienolates for the rapid and highly diastereo‐ and enantioselective preparation of underexplored atropisomers in the pentatomic series, featuring multiple stereogenic elements including challenging Csp2−N chiral axes. The practicality of this reaction is highlighted by a broad substrate scope and a scaled‐up synthesis. Moreover, the easy base‐induced transformation of the chiral bis‐succinimide precursors allows to prepare the initially planned N‐aryl phthalimide atropisomers with excellent retention of enantiopurity.
Microwave assisted synthesis of 4-aminoquinoline-phthalimides was carried out in order to probe their anti-tubercular potential. Different conditions were screened both under conventional and microwave heating and the best results were obtained by microwave heating in DMSO at 160 o C for 2 min affording the desired 4-aminoquinoline-phthalimides in quantitative yields. Anti-tubercular evaluation against mc 2 6230 strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis revealed 3 e, having an octyl chain length as spacer, to be the most potent of the synthesized compounds exhibiting MIC 99 of 13.7 mM.
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