Research on ultrathin
nanomaterials is one of the fastest developing
areas in contemporary nanoscience. The field of ultrathin one- (1D)
and two-dimensional (2D) colloidal nanocrystals (NCs) is still in
its infancy, but offers the prospect of production of ultrathin nanomaterials
in liquid-phase at relatively low costs, with versatility in terms
of composition, size, shape, and surface control. In this Perspective,
the state of the art in the field is concisely outlined and critically
discussed to highlight the essential concepts and challenges. We start
by presenting a brief overview of the ultrathin colloidal 1D and 2D
semiconductor NCs prepared to date, after which the synthesis strategies
and formation mechanisms of both 1D and 2D NCs are discussed. The
properties of these low-dimensional materials are then reviewed, with
emphasis on the optical properties of luminescent NCs. Finally, the
future prospects for the field are addressed.