Synthesis of Ultrathin PEDOT on Carbon Nanotubes and Shear Thinning Xanthan Gum‐H₂SO₄ Gel Electrolyte for Supercapacitors

Abstract

Resistance of the electrode material play a vital role for applications in supercapacitors, where lowering the resistance leads to improved performance. Poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) (PEDOT) possesses high theoretical conductivity; however, the high density of grain boundaries, low accessible surface area, and low rate capability have been pervasive issues affecting the PEDOT-based supercapacitors. To this end, a hydrothermal method is proposed in this work where oxygen functional groups incorporated on the surface of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are utilized to polymerize 3,4-ethylenedioxythio-phene (EDOT). PEDOT forms an ultrathin, well-aligned coating on the surface of CNTs. This arrangement minimizes the number of grain boundaries and increases the electrochemically active surface area. Additionally, a shear-thinning Xanthan gum-H 2 SO 4 gel electrolyte is introduced to overcome the low impregnation of the conventional polyvinyl-based electrolyte due to the hydrophobicity of the CNT-PEDOT composite.A supercapacitor based on this material showed a very low Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR) of 0.31 Ω which leads to a high power density of 74 W cm À 3 .

Poly(ortho-phenylenediamine) overlaid fibrous carbon networks exhibiting a synergistic effect for enhanced performance in hybrid micro energy storage devices

“…In addition, this configuration may offer a strong synergistic effect, which improves the capacitive properties regarding the specific capacitance values and the cycling stability. Various conducting polymer/carbon material composites have been studied such as PPy/CNT, 14,[21][22][23] PANI/CNT, [24][25][26] poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT)/CNT, [27][28][29] PANI/Gr, 30,31 and PPy/Gr. [32][33][34] Cherusseri et al showed that oxidized-carbon nanotubes/PPy nanocomposite exhibits a specific capacitance of about 80 F•g -1 at a current density of 7 mA•cm -2 .…”

Fabrication and Electrochemical Performance of PVA/CNT/PANI Flexible Films as Electrodes for Supercapacitors

“…However, CNTs belong to the mechanism of double electric energy storage, which only relies on the electronic adsorption to provide the capacitance performance, and exhibited poor capacitor performance as electrodes, which may seriously limit their applications. In this regard, CNTs could be dispersed in polymer matrix served as an additional path for charge transfer as electrode materials [21][22][23].…”

Phosphorene as Cathode Material for High‐Voltage, Anti‐Self‐Discharge Zinc Ion Hybrid Capacitors

“…The comparison of the voltage range of capacitors in different electrolyte environments is shown in Figure 3h, in which we can observe that most of the voltage ceilings in acidic, [6,13,[25][26][27] alkaline [3,4,28,29] and even organic electrolytes [30][31][32] were in the range from 1.0 to 1.5 V, and the voltage windows of many other aqueous ion capacitors such as aqueous lithium ion and sodium ion capacitor in recent research, reached 2.0 V. [33][34][35][36] In this work, the upper limits of voltage ranges have been enhanced to 2.2 and 2.5 V in "WiS" and Et 4 NBF 4 /PC electrolyte, respectively. Besides, both Zn-BP-WiS and Zn-BP-PC exhibited excellent cycling stability (more than 5000 and 9500 cycles) and outstanding Faraday capacitances (304 and 363.9 F g −1 at 0.5 A g −1 ).…”