1981
DOI: 10.1007/bf00506991
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Synthesis of thiapenta- and thiahexacarbocyanine dyes from alkoxy-substituted polymethine salts with dimethylamine residues

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Cited by 3 publications
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“…However, the low fluorescence quantum yield, short fluorescence lifetime, propensity to photobleach, and poor chemical stability of these dyes have limited their use in chemical and life sciences. To overcome these limitations, numerous studies have shown that incorporating a rigid cyclohexenyl ring in the polymethine chain increases photostability and enhances the quantum yield in comparison to cyanine dyes with an open polymethine chain. The central cyclohexenyl group offers an additional reactive site for labeling bioactive molecules via functionalization of the meso -chloro cyclohexenyl group. Furthermore, incorporating the alkylsulfonato functionality on the nitrogen atom of the heterocyclic moiety improves photostability and water solubility.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, the low fluorescence quantum yield, short fluorescence lifetime, propensity to photobleach, and poor chemical stability of these dyes have limited their use in chemical and life sciences. To overcome these limitations, numerous studies have shown that incorporating a rigid cyclohexenyl ring in the polymethine chain increases photostability and enhances the quantum yield in comparison to cyanine dyes with an open polymethine chain. The central cyclohexenyl group offers an additional reactive site for labeling bioactive molecules via functionalization of the meso -chloro cyclohexenyl group. Furthermore, incorporating the alkylsulfonato functionality on the nitrogen atom of the heterocyclic moiety improves photostability and water solubility.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…An important class of the bioanalytical markers are cyanines containing a ring structure at the center of the chromophore (Chart). The partial rigidization of the molecule increases not only stability but also fluorescence efficiency [11,15,16]. The chloro-substituted dyes, such as 1 -4, are easily synthesized and purified by crystallization (no chromatography), and they serve as precursors to other meso-substituted dyes [17][18][19].…”
Section: Remarkable Stabilities In Solutionmentioning
confidence: 99%