Synthesis of symmetrical 1,3-diarylureas by sulfur-catalyzed carbonylation in ionic liquids

Activation of Small Molecules by P-Ligand—Platinum Metal Complexes in Ionic Liquids

“…It is worth to note that ILs as alternative solvents en- able the activation of carbon monoxide and therefore, its embedding into various model compounds via direct carbonylation of substituted benzenes [58][59][60][61] and via reductive carbonylation of nitrobenzene [62]. Similarly, nitroarenes can be carbonylated to 1,3-diarylureas by sulphur-and selenium-catalyzed reactions [63,64].…”

Selective Oxidative Carbonylation of Aniline to Diphenylurea with Ionic Liquids

“…[3] The reactioni sp erformed in the presenceo fametal catalysto ro rganocatalyst, an oxidizing agents uch as I 2 [1,4] or O 2 /air, [5] and CO pressure. Among transition metals and organocatalysts, Mn, [2] Pd, [4c, 5h-q, 6] Cu, [5a, 7] Au, [5b-c] Co, [5d-e] W [1, 4a-b] Ni, [5f] Rh, [5g] Ru, [5h] S, [8] and Se [9] are effective. Usually,an on-nucleophilic solvent is required to avoid the formation of carbamates.…”

Oxidative Carbonylation of Aromatic Amines with CO Catalyzed by 1,3-Dialkylimidazole-2-selenone in Ionic Liquids

“…In the course of our ongoing investigations on the selenium-catalyzed carbonylation reaction, we have discovered that symmetrical ureas could be obtained from the carbonylation of nitrobenzene or substituted nitroarene under solvent-free conditions [13] or under atmospheric pressure [14] or in ionic liquids [15].…”