Synthesis of sustainable lightweight foamed concrete using palm oil fuel ash as a cement replacement material

Alnahhal, Ahmed Mahmoud; Alengaram, U. Johnson; Yusoff, Sumiani; Singh, Ramesh; Radwan, Mohammed K.H.; Deboucha, Walid

doi:10.1016/j.jobe.2020.102047

Cited by 45 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Palm oil fuel ash (POFA) is a by-product material obtained in power plants as a result of the burning of palm oil industry waste (palm kernel shell, palm oil fiber, and palm oil husk) for the generation of electricity. Many studies (Alnahhal et al, 2021) evaluated POFA as a construction material because it has pozzolanic characteristics, and can be used as a partial replacement for cement in concrete (Hamada et al, 2018;Thomas et al, 2017). Palm oil fuel ash was used as SCM.…”

Section: Palm Oil Fuel Ash (Pofa)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Decision Analysis for the Influence of Incorporating Waste Materials on Green Concrete Properties

Bakhoum

Mater

2022

Int J Concr Struct Mater

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Concrete industry is challenged by sustainability and technical concerns. Sustainability includes minimization of raw material usage, energy consumption, and emission of greenhouse gases, while technical concerns comprise the enhancement of mechanical properties and durability such as compressive strength, resistance to chloride, acids, and elevated temperatures. Therefore, recycling of industrial waste in manufacturing of green concrete has become a robust viable alternative to disposal, due to the limited natural resources and raw materials which contribute to sustainable construction. Consequently, this research aims to develop an approach using a multicriteria decision-making algorithm based on Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), to select the most suitable industrial waste to achieve the desired green concrete properties. The research starts by determining the alternatives including 18 industrial wastes, and the criteria including 14 properties of concrete. After that, an experimental database for the influence of the alternatives on the criteria is established based on the literature. Then, an algorithm is developed using a python script to analyze the influence of incorporating each of the industrial waste alternative on both the mechanical and sustainable properties of concrete. Subsequently, the efficiency of the proposed algorithm is validated using three case studies that present different circumstances of concrete specifications. Based on the proposed approach, the decision-maker can assign the appropriate residual waste to be incorporated into the concrete mix according to its application in a user-friendly manner. Such approach can support both sustainable use of waste materials and enhancement of concrete properties.

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Section: Palm Oil Fuel Ash (Pofa)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Decision Analysis for the Influence of Incorporating Waste Materials on Green Concrete Properties

Bakhoum

Mater

2022

Int J Concr Struct Mater

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“…In general, it is utilised to reduce noise and to enhance the insulating characteristics (Chung et al, 2019). The strength of foamed concrete is impacted not only by the water to cement ratio, but also by the air to cement ratio; the reduced air content caused by the high water to cement ratio, and the type of the foamed agent have an effect on the foamed concrete's strength (Falliano et al, 2018;Alnahhal et al, 2021Alnahhal et al, , 2022. Additionally, the sand content of foamed concrete influences its compressive strength.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valorization of Diverse Sizes of Coal Bottom Ash as Fine Aggregate in the Performance of Lightweight Foamed Concrete

Haddadian

Alengaram

Alnahhal

et al. 2022

Journal of Civil Engineering and Management

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In recent years, research work on the use of coal bottom ash (CBA) as a partial alternative for aggregate in concrete is on the rise. This research is aimed at examining the characteristics of lightweight foamed concrete with CBA as fine aggregate to produce environmentally sustainable product. With the volume replacement technique, CBA was used as 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% replacement for conventional mining sand with different sieve sizes of smaller than 4.75, 2.36, and 0.6 mm in concrete. Water absorption, porosity as well as mechanical characteristics tests, including compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and modulus of elasticity (MOE) were conducted and analyzed. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy microstructural investigations were also performed to correlate test results. The quality of concrete was investigated using a non-destructive ultrasonic pulse velocity test. According to the findings, the highest replacement level of CBA with a sieve size smaller than 0.6 mm had an impact in reducing workability. The effect of CBA particles on water absorption, MOE, compressive strength, and tensile strength depends on the size of the fine aggregate, the replacement ratio and the density. In general, substituting mining sand with CBA aggregate improved the mechanical performance of concrete, notably for the aggregate size of less than 0.6 mm. Moreover, the SEM images indicate that the addition of CBA particles decreased the size and quantity of voids in the foamed concrete.

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“…It also has good insulating properties, making it perfect for floor and flat roof thermal and soundproofing insulation. FC is also used in applications such as cavity filling, well backfilling, masonry grouting, pipeline monolithic thermal insulation, monolithic low-rise, and individual house construction, levelling floors, road sub-bases and maintenance, bridge abutments and repairs, and ground stabilization [8]- [13]. Wells (2001) [14] classified the application of FC according to their densities and compressive strength in Table 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Recycled Glass Ceramic Waste On Physical and Mechanical Properties of Foamed Concrete

Manaf¹,

Marsi²,

Shariff³

et al. 2022

IJIE

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Concrete is the most used man-made material and foamed concrete is a type of concrete widely known with high workability, low density and excellent thermal and sound insulation properties. Its global market has also been predicted to increase. Growing of population and economy, along with urbanization generate wastes which increase yearly. One of the solutions to reduce waste in landfills is by using waste in manufacturing. Glass, classed as a form of ceramic waste (GCW) has been left in the landfills unrecycled due to the challenges it causes. The primary purpose of this research is to find the optimal GCW composition as a quartz sand additive for Foamed Concrete-based Glass Ceramic Waste (FC-GCW) which will reduce the amount of unrecycled GCW that ends upin landfills while producing a sustainable product. The samples were prepared by grinding the GCW and mixing varying percentages of GCW (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30%) with a consistent quantity of cement, quartz sand, water, and foam. Physical (density, water absorption, porosity and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX)) test and analysis and mechanical (compressive strength) test were performed on the samples. During physical tests, the density increased as the GCW percentage increased, but water absorption andporosity decreased. FC-GCW 20% had appropriate density, water absorption, and porosity values of 0.887 g/cm3, 22.6 %, and 88.9%, respectively, which demonstrated that the material is lightweight and porous.For EDX analysis between FC-GCW control and FC-GCW 20%, it was found that when GCW was included, the weight percentage of Oxygen and Calcium decreased while the weight percentage of Silica increased, showing GCW increased Silica content, and pozzolanic reaction occurred to from Calcium Silicate Hydrate (C-S-H) gel.For mechanical testing, it was discovered that FC-GCW 20% had the highest average compressive strength of 0.94 MPa and 2.01 MPa for 7 and 28 days, respectively. This research's contribution can be applied to areas where low densities are preferred and low compressive strength is required, such as of road sub-base, fire breaks, raising floor level, void fill, harbour fill, bridge abutments and ground stabilization.

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Synthesis of sustainable lightweight foamed concrete using palm oil fuel ash as a cement replacement material

Cited by 45 publications

References 45 publications

Decision Analysis for the Influence of Incorporating Waste Materials on Green Concrete Properties

Decision Analysis for the Influence of Incorporating Waste Materials on Green Concrete Properties

Valorization of Diverse Sizes of Coal Bottom Ash as Fine Aggregate in the Performance of Lightweight Foamed Concrete

Influence of Recycled Glass Ceramic Waste On Physical and Mechanical Properties of Foamed Concrete

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