Synthesis of sulfonated Sesamum indicum L. seed oil and its application as a fatliquor in leather processing

Abstract

Fatliquor is an oil-in-water emulsion that improves the physical properties of leather such as tensile strength, flexibility, and softness by lubricating the leather fibres. Sulfonated Sesamum indicum oil was synthesized, characterized, and examined for consideration as a substitute for imported fatliquor in Nigeria. The sulfonation of the oil was confirmed by the significant observations made in the FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and 13C NMR DEPT analysis results. A remarkable difference was observed in the physicochemical properties results of both unsulfonated and sulfonated oils. The sulfonated sesame fatliquor was applied onto goatskin and compared with a commercial sulfated fatliquor in the processing of shoe upper leather using standard methods. The average results for tensile strength, double edge tear, elongation, and softness results for the commercial and synthesized fatliquors are as follows: 14.27 N/mm2; 13.77 N/mm2, 50.61 N; 60.11 N, 38.06%; 54.28%, 25.2; 25.0. A comparable level of lubrication of the leather treated with the sulfonated Sesamum indicum oil and that treated with the commercial leather fatliquor was revealed by the Sudan IV stain test as well as scanning electron microscopy analysis results. Experimental analyses, therefore, show that the as-synthesized sulfonated Sesamum indicum oil could be considered as a substitute for imported fatliquor in the leather industry. Graphical abstract

A Fluorescent Tracer Based on Castor Oil for Monitoring the Mass Transfer of Fatliquoring Agent in Leather

“…The chemical shifts between 1.91 and 2.2 ppm showed the protons of the –CH 2 C=O groups. The peak at 3.51 ppm was not observed on the 1 H NMR spectra of natural oils without the hydroxy group, such as rapeseed oil [ 20 ], Afzelia africana aril cap oil [ 3 ] and Sesamum indicum L. seed oil [ 21 ]; thus, it might be the proton of –OH of castor oil. The protons of methylene groups on the glyceride moiety gave δ at 4.01–4.20 ppm, while peaks at 5.15–5.47 ppm were assigned to the protons of CH=CH on the fatty acid chains of castor oil.…”

A sound-absorbing and heat-insulating collagen fiber composite material

“…The tensile strength, elongation at break and tear strength of the PHCC samples were measured with a universal testing machine (AL-7000SN, Taiwan High Speed Rail Technology Corporation, China). 35 The cracking strength of the PHCC samples was measured with a crack tester (GX-5071, Dongguan Gaoxin Testing Equipment Co., Ltd., China). Each group of samples was tested in 5 parallel experiments, and the final results were averaged.…”

One-Pot Controllable Synthesis of Silica Nanocapsules with Encapsulated Osmanthus Fragrance for Durable Odor Improvement of Leather

“…Leather industry is one of the oldest manufacturing sectors producing a broad range of leather products for apparel and upholstery, but traditional leather-based products generally exhibit the unique malodor aroused from the characteristics of leather fiber and the special process requirements in the tanning process . Long-term exposure to these unpleasant and toxic odor highly impacts the value of leather and even poses health problems .…”