Synthesis of star-shaped allyl phosphazene small molecules for enhancing fire safety and toughness of high performance BMI resin

Zhou, Xia; Qiu, Shuilai; He, Linxin; Wang, Xin; Zhu, Yulu; Chu, Fukai; Wang, Bibo; Song, Lei; Hu, Yuan

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2021.130655

Cited by 51 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…In this study, P2 shows the highest T g of 216 °C and υ e of 9100 mol m –3 among P1–P3 , probably because E-Si-BCB has rigid chain segments and multiple crosslinking sites. The T g of P2 is also higher than those of previously reported bio-based polymer networks. ,, where E is the storage modulus of the polymer at T g + 60 °C; R is the gas constant, which is 8.13 J/(mol·K); and T is the Kelvin temperature of T g + 60 °C.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Moreover, the absorption peak of the pyrolysis products of P3 is narrower and lower than those of P1 and P2 , implying that P3 has less thermal pyrolysis products, which is consistent with the results of TGA (Figure b) that P3 displayed the highest residual percentage. The FTIR spectra of pyrolysis products of P1–P3 at the maximum decomposition rates are displayed in Figure d; the absorption peaks of hydrocarbons, aromatic compounds, and ether appear at 3050–2900, 1600–1400, and 1200–1100 cm –1 , respectively. , Because of the higher cyclophosphazene content of P3 , the pyrolysis products of P3 exhibit less organic combustible gases and the condensed phase of P3 has more phosphorus–nitrogen structures, indicating that the flame retardancy of P3 is better than those of P1 and P2 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the content of cyclophosphazene increased, P3 showed the highest residue (27%) among P1–P3 . As shown in Figure , the char of P3 has an expanded foam structure, which can decrease the exchange of oxygen and heat from the inner to the outer surface . Meanwhile, many small smooth bubbles like deflated balloons are distributed on the char surface of P3 , which may be the carbon–nitrogen–phosphorus-containing composites, which can inhibit the release of pyrolysis products and lead to the formation of many bubbles, and thus, P3 displayed better flame retardancy .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…82,83 Because of the higher cyclophosphazene content of P3, the pyrolysis products of P3 exhibit less organic combustible gases and the condensed phase of P3 has more phosphorus−nitrogen structures, indicating that the flame retardancy of P3 is better than those of P1 and P2. 70 In addition, the microstructures of residual char for P1−P3 were studied by SEM (Figure 9). The residual char surface of P1 is thin and dense without holes (Figure 9), and the residue of P1 is only 9% (Table 3).…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Cyclotriphophazene-Centered Six-Arm Eugenol-Linked Low-Dielectric Materials with High Thermostability and Transparency

Fang

Feng

et al. 2022

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Two silicon-containing eugenol-based benzocyclobutene monomers were prepared by a simple solvent-free hydrosilylation reaction. After heat treatment, a series of materials were obtained by a free radical addition reaction, [4 + 4] cycloaddition, or [4 + 2] Diels–Alder cycloaddition. All polymers displayed high thermostability with a 5% weight loss temperature (T 5d) of over 410 °C and a glass transition temperature (T g) of up to 216 °C as well as a good transmittance of 90% varying from 500 to 800 nm. In particular, all polymers also exhibited good hydrophobicity with contact angles exceeding 100° and water absorption as low as 8‰ after immersing in boiling water for 72 h. It should be noted that P3 showed excellent dielectric properties with a dielectric constant (D k) of 2.48 and a dielectric loss (D f) of 6.38 × 10–3 at a high frequency of 2 GHz as well as good flame retardancy due to the high content of cyclotriphophazene compared with those of P1, P2, and previously reported biobased materials. The above advantages indicate that eugenol-based low-dielectric materials have great potential for application in encapsulation resins in the field of microelectronics.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Cyclotriphophazene-Centered Six-Arm Eugenol-Linked Low-Dielectric Materials with High Thermostability and Transparency

Fang

Feng

et al. 2022

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…Polyphosphazenes (PZ) are inorganic-organic hybrid polymers that consist of an alternating phosphorous-nitrogen backbone (-P=N-) with two organic side groups attached to the phosphorous atom. PZs have been used in applications such as fuel cells [ 1 , 2 ], flame retardant materials [ 3 , 4 , 5 ], polymer bonded explosives [ 6 ], and drug delivery systems [ 7 , 8 ]. The extensive applications of PZs stem from the wide-ranging thermo-mechanical properties they possess i.e., high thermal stability and low glass transition temperature [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Computational Procedure for Atomistic Modelling of Polyphosphazenes towards Better Capturing Molecular-Level Structuring and Thermo-Mechanical Properties

Chen

Demir

2022

Polymers

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Poly(phosphazenes)(PZ) are versatile polymers due to their tunable properties that can be tailored for specific applications. Despite extensive experimental research, not all properties are tested, and the list of PZs studied via molecular simulations is limited. Further, a general procedure to generate and test PZ systems is lacking. We present an in situ polymerization procedure developed to make, test, and tune the thermo-mechanical properties of four PZs—poly(dichlorophosphazene)(PZ-DC), poly[bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)]phosphazene (PZ-TFE), poly(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy-5,6-diazidohexanoxy) phosphazene (PZ-Azido), and poly(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy-5,6-dinitratohexanoxy)phosphazene (PZ-Nitrato) via molecular dynamics simulations. The predicted thermo-mechanical properties (i.e., density and glass transition temperature) agreed with experimental values when a direct comparison of PZ systems was possible. This demonstrates the reproducibility and reliability of our procedure which will help understand the behaviour of PZs at the molecular scale.

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Zirconium dioxide@phosphazene for enhancing mechanical property, flame retardancy, and thermal property of polythiourethane composites

Jia

Jin

Meng

2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Introducing high strength inorganic nanoparticles has emerged as an effective strategy to optimize the comprehensive properties of polymers, but good dispersion must be maintained to avoid clustering of inorganic nanoparticles. We report a novel phosphazene-coated ZrO 2 nanoparticles (ZrO 2 @PZS) prepared by a simple ultrasonic method to further enhance thermal, mechanical, optical properties and flame retardancy of polythiourethane (PTU). ZrO 2 @PZS nanoparticles presented good dispersion in composites, with regular spherical core-shell structures exhibiting significant enhancement effects for overall performance of PTU composites, through strong interfacial interaction. Studies revealed that regular spherical ZrO 2 @PZS strengthened thermal and tensile properties of PTU, which reached 62.8 C and 79.28 MPa respectively. More importantly, PTU composites showed good flame retardancy through catalytic carbonization, condensed phase shielding and gas phase dilution effect of ZrO 2 @PZS, where the limiting oxygen index was increased to 25.39% from 20.39%. Moreover, the peak heat release rate, total heat release and smoke production rate could be reduced by 23.5%, 27.7% and 40.0%, respectively. In brief, PTU composites show excellent potential in high strength special fireproof lenses.

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Synthesis of star-shaped allyl phosphazene small molecules for enhancing fire safety and toughness of high performance BMI resin

Cited by 51 publications

References 61 publications

Cyclotriphophazene-Centered Six-Arm Eugenol-Linked Low-Dielectric Materials with High Thermostability and Transparency

Cyclotriphophazene-Centered Six-Arm Eugenol-Linked Low-Dielectric Materials with High Thermostability and Transparency

A Computational Procedure for Atomistic Modelling of Polyphosphazenes towards Better Capturing Molecular-Level Structuring and Thermo-Mechanical Properties

Zirconium dioxide@phosphazene for enhancing mechanical property, flame retardancy, and thermal property of polythiourethane composites

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