Synthesis of some Compounds Possessing Vitamin A Activity

Arens, J. F.; Dorp, D. A. van

doi:10.1038/157190a0

Cited by 135 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…4 Of the forms of vitamin A available to an animal, retinol is the most biologically active, followed by retinal, which is presumably converted to retinol in the intestine (36). Retinoic acid, however, apparently cannot be converted to retinol, but can nevertheless maintain the general well-being of the animal, with the exception of vision and reproductive capacity (37,38 Recently published studies of rat-serum retinol-binding protein (29,30) indicate that it is similar to that described in human serum (39,40). Both are about 20,000 molecular weight and are associated with prealbumin to form a complex of about 70,000 molecular weight.…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

In Vitro Binding of Retinol to Rat-Tissue Components

Bashor

Toft

Chytil

1973

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

183

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The high-speed supernatant fraction of rat liver, lung, kidney, testis, and intestinal mucosa contains a component capable of binding [ 3 H]retinol in vitro when binding is analyzed by sucrose density gradient centrifugation or gel filtration. This binding component can be distinguished from one identified in rat serum. Whereas the tissue component sediments in the 2S region of sucrose gradients, the serum component sediments in the 4.6S region. Molecular weight estimations by gel filtration indicate molecular weights of 16,000 and 67,000 for the tissue and serum binding components, respectively. Unlabeled retinol, but not retinoic acid, competes for the binding of [ 3 H]retinol in tissue cytosols. Competition for the binding of [ 3 H]retinol by unlabeled retinal has also been observed in tissue cytosols, but may result from the in vitro reduction of retinal to retinol. Unlabeled retinol, retinal, and retinoic acid fail to compete for the binding of [ 3 H]retinol in serum under the conditions used. The tissue binding component (testis) is sensitive to digestion with Pronase, but not with RNase or DNase, indicating a protein nature for this component.

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mentioning

confidence: 93%

In Vitro Binding of Retinol to Rat-Tissue Components

Bashor

Toft

Chytil

1973

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

183

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“…Developmental abnormalities occurred in about one-third of the eyes, with a variety of other ocular abnormalities noted. Retinoic acid, first synthesized by Arens and van Dorp (1946), is a biologically active form of vitamin A which induces various biological effects after its conversion to retinoic acid (DeLuca and Zile, 1975). Administration of retinoic acid in pregnant rats and mice induced various malformations, including spina bifida, microphthalmos, and cleft palate in the fetuses, providing evidence of the teratogenic effect of this drug (Kochhar, 1967).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Retinoic acid is the carboxylic acid and biologically active form of vitamin A, retinol (Arens and van Dorp, 1946). It also is a potent teratogen that affects primarily the migration of cranial neural crest cells when administered during organogenesis (Kochher, 1967 ;Thorogood et al, 1982 ;Wiley, Cauwenbergs and Taylar, 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Critical Period for Retinoic Acid-induced Developmental Abnormalities of the Vitreous in Mouse Fetuses

Ozeki

Shirai

Ikeda

et al. 1999

Experimental Eye Research

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“…Harry Holmes (1879–1958) and Ruth Corbet crystallized vitamin A in 1937 at Oberlin College [30]. In 1946, David Adriaan van Dorp (1915–1995) and Jozef Ferdinand Arens (1914–2001) synthesized vitamin A [31]. Otto Isler (1920–1992) et al [32] at Hoffmann-La Roche developed a method in 1947 for synthesizing vitamin A that was adaptable for widespread production.…”

Section: Further Characterization Of Vitamin Amentioning

confidence: 99%

On the ‘Discovery’ of Vitamin A

Semba

2012

Ann Nutr Metab

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Vitamin A is essential for normal growth, reproduction, immunity, and vision. The characterization of vitamin A spanned a period of about 130 years. During this long, incremental process, there is no single event that can be called the ‘discovery’ of vitamin A. The physiologist François Magendie conducted nutritional deprivation experiments with dogs in 1816 that resulted in corneal ulcers and high mortality – a finding similar to the common clinical situation in poorly fed, abandoned infants in Paris. In the 1880s, Nicolai Lunin showed that there was an unknown substance in milk that was essential for nutrition. Carl Socin suggested that an unknown substance for growth in egg yolk was fat soluble. Frederick Gowland Hopkins proposed in 1906 that there were ‘unsuspected dietetic factors’ that were necessary for life. In 1911, Wilhelm Stepp demonstrated that this essential substance in milk was fat soluble. The following year, Hopkins showed that there were ‘accessory factors’ present in ‘astonishingly small amounts’ in milk that supported life. Contrary to the dogma that all fats had similar nutritional value, in 1913, Elmer McCollum and Marguerite Davis at Wisconsin and Thomas Osborne and Lafayette Mendel at Yale showed butter and egg yolk were not equivalent to lard and olive oil in supporting the growth and survival of rats. The growth-supporting ‘accessory factor’ became known as ‘fat-soluble A’ in 1918 and then ‘vitamin A’ in 1920. Paul Karrer described the chemical structure of vitamin A in 1932. Harry Holmes and Ruth Corbet isolated and crystallized vitamin A in 1937. Methods for the synthesis of vitamin A came with the work of David Adriaan van Dorp and Jozef Ferdinand Arens in 1946 and Otto Isler and colleagues in 1947. Further work on the role of vitamin A in immunity and child survival continued until through the 1990s.

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Synthesis of some Compounds Possessing Vitamin A Activity

Cited by 135 publications

References 3 publications

In Vitro Binding of Retinol to Rat-Tissue Components

In Vitro Binding of Retinol to Rat-Tissue Components

Critical Period for Retinoic Acid-induced Developmental Abnormalities of the Vitreous in Mouse Fetuses

On the ‘Discovery’ of Vitamin A

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