“…Molybdenum oxides (MoO 3-x , x = 0, 1) are highly attractive transition metal oxides due to their exceptional thermal stability and bandgap energy (E g ≅ 3.2 eV), efficient charge transport, and metallic electrical conductivity behavior with distorted rutile structure. These features make MoO 3-x ideal materials for various applications, including photocatalysts, HER, supercapacitors, photodiodes, gas sensing, display devices, and the reforming process [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46]. MoO 3-x catalysts, with Mo 4+ O 2 , and Mo 6+ O 3 phases, have shown promising catalytic activity for the partial oxidation of water molecules, owning to the presence of electron-free sites that allow for a greater degree of freedom in structure deformation (Mo 4+ and Mo 6+ ) [38,47,48].…”