Synthesis of silver nanoparticles in a microfluidic coaxial flow reactor

Baber, Razwan; Mazzei, Luca; Thanh, Nguyen Tk; Gavriilidis, Asterios

doi:10.1039/c5ra17466j

Cited by 67 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…But the controllable synthesis of AgNPs is affected by many factors [19][20][21][22][23], and how to synthesize AgNPs with good performance by adjusting their influencing factors in microfluidic system is attracting more and more attention. Baber et al [19] synthesized AgNPs with an average diameter of 3.1∼9.3 nm and narrow size distribution by varying the concentration and ow rate of the reaction reagents in a coaxial ow reactor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controllable Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Three‐Phase Flow Pulsating Mixing Microfluidic Chip

Liu

Sun

et al. 2018

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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On the basis of liquid-phase reduction mechanism, a novel synthesis method to prepare silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is proposed, which uses piezoelectric-actuated three-phase flow pulsating mixing microfluidic chip. In order to study and explore the influence of different factors on the synthesis of AgNPs, a series of related synthesis experiments were carried out. e corresponding experimental conditions include the concentration of sodium hydroxide and reducing agent solution, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) dosage, inlet flow rate, and synthesis temperature.e synthesized AgNPs were characterized by the UV-Vis absorption spectrophotometer and transmission electron microscopy. e effects of different experimental conditions on the controllable synthesis of AgNPs were analyzed, and the optimum synthesis conditions of AgNPs were obtained. Experimental results show that the spherical AgNPs with an average particle diameter of about 29 nm, high yield, fine morphology, and good monodispersity were synthesized using the microfluidic chip under the conditions of the working frequency (200 Hz), the initial concentration of silver nitrate (1 mM), the synthesis temperature (80°C), the concentration ratio of sodium hydroxide to silver nitrate (2 : 1), the concentration ratio of glucose to silver nitrate (4 : 1), the inlet flow rate (3.5 ml/min), and the quality ratio of PVP to silver (more than 1 : 1). e related research shows that it is an efficient synthesis method to develop the controllable synthesis experiments of AgNPs under multifactors using the three-phase pulsating mixing microfluidic chip.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controllable Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Three‐Phase Flow Pulsating Mixing Microfluidic Chip

Liu

Sun

et al. 2018

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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“…[33][34][35] Also, to avoid clogging of the channels due to particle agglomeration, a glass-capillary injection into a bigger tube can be used. 36,37 This technique consists of introducing a glass capillary inside a bigger channel in order to bring into contact both reagents in the middle of the channel. By doing so, the nucleation of NPs is confined in the bigger channel's centre which avoids the particles getting stuck on the walls, as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfluidics and catalyst particles

et al. 2019

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In this review article, we discuss the latest advances and future perspectives of microfluidics for micro/ nanoscale catalyst particle synthesis and analysis. In the first section, we present an overview of the different methods to synthesize catalysts making use of microfluidics and in the second section, we critically review catalyst particle characterization using microfluidics. The strengths and challenges of these approaches are highlighted with various showcases selected from the recent literature. In the third section, we give our opinion on the future perspectives of the combination of catalytic nanostructures and microfluidics. We anticipate that in the synthesis and analysis of individual catalyst particles, generation of higher throughput and better understanding of transport inside individual porous catalyst particles are some of the most important benefits of microfluidics for catalyst research. SynthesisThis section focuses on the most recent approaches within the last 8 years. For a more extensive overview of the synthesis of nanostructures focused on the processes taking place inside the microfluidic systems, 5 the final application 4 or the microfluidic technology used 6,7 we refer the reader to other review articles. Metal nanoparticlesMetal nanoparticles exhibit very interesting catalytic, optical, chemical, electromagnetic and magnetic properties, all of them depending to a large degree on their size and composition. Regarding catalysis, a decrease of the NP size leads to a surface-area increase per mass, providing more active sites. Also, the surface structure is of vital importance for the NP selectivity: the presence of steps, edges or terraces in the atomic surface can influence the reaction pathways to Lab Chip, 2019, 19, 3575-3601 | 3575 This journal is

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“…This can be explained through the mixing characteristics within the liquid sheet, where increasing turbulence results in a shorter mixing time. Borohydride has a stabilizing effect on the NPs [20,46,47] and can also supply a high amount of electrons per mole (up to a maximum of eight electrons in theory) [48]. Therefore, if there is efficient mixing within the liquid sheet, there will be a sufficient supply of sodium borohydride in the local regions where reaction is taking place, resulting in increased stabilization and smaller NPs.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Silver Nps Using a Microfluidic Ijrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…IJR is a particularly useful device to use in the synthesis of NPs since it does not clog because of absence of channel walls. Fouling is particularly problematic in microfluidic devices since their small dimensions make them potentially vulnerable to blockage, and various strategies in the literature have been used to avoid fouling such as segmented flow [24], coaxial flow [20,25], and surface silanization [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our previous study using a coaxial flow reactor produced silver NPs in the 4-10 nm range and showed that mixing is an important parameter when using borohydride as a reducing agent [20]. Split and recombine type flow reactors [21] and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) flow chambers [22] have been utilized to synthesize silver NPs using borohydride obtaining NPs in the range of 10-20 nm for borohydride to silver nitrate ratios ranging from 3 to 40.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using a Microfluidic Impinging Jet Reactor

Baber¹,

Mazzei²,

Thanh³

et al. 2016

J Flow Chem

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Synthesis of silver nanoparticles (NPs) in an impinging jet reactor (IJR) was investigated due to its unique properties of efficient mixing and lack of channel walls which avoid fouling. Silver NPs were formed at room temperature by reducing silver nitrate with sodium borohydride in the presence of sodium hydroxide. Two types of ligand were used to stabilize the NPs, trisodium citrate, and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Weber number, the ratio between inertial forces and surface tension forces, is used to characterize flow in impinging jets. Flow regimes were investigated for Weber numbers in the range of 13-176. A liquid sheet/chain regime was identified at lower Weber numbers (<90), and an unstable rim structure was identified at higher Weber numbers (>90). Mixing time was found to be in the range 1-7 ms, using the Villermaux-Dushman reaction system and interaction by exchange with the mean mixing (IEM) model. Fastest mixing occurred at Weber number ca. 90. Using trisodium citrate as a ligand, NP size decreased from 7.9 ± 5.8 nm to 3.4 ± 1.4 nm when flow rate was increased from 32 mL/min to 72 mL/min using 0.5 mm jets, and from 6.4 ± 3.4 nm to 5.1 ± 4.6 nm when flow rate was increased from 20 mL/min to 32 mL/min using 0.25 mm jets. Using PVA as a ligand, NP size decreased from 5.4 ± 1.6 nm to 4.2 ± 1.1 nm using 0.5 mm jets and stayed relatively constant between 4.3 ± 1 nm and 4.7 ± 1.3 nm using 0.25 mm jets. In general, the size of the NPs decreased when mixing was faster.

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Synthesis of silver nanoparticles in a microfluidic coaxial flow reactor

Cited by 67 publications

References 49 publications

Controllable Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Three‐Phase Flow Pulsating Mixing Microfluidic Chip

Controllable Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Three‐Phase Flow Pulsating Mixing Microfluidic Chip

Microfluidics and catalyst particles

Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using a Microfluidic Impinging Jet Reactor

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