Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Phyllanthus emblica Plant Extract and Their Antibacterial Activity

Abstract

The silver nanoparticle was successfully synthesized by using the help of Phyllanthus emblica plant extract as a reducing agent and aqueous silver nitrate as the precursor. Moreover, physical and chemical methods are widely used for the synthesis of nanoparticles, but these methods have expensive and not ecofriendly. This study highlights the green, rapid, facile, cost-effective, and ecofriendly synthesis and synthesized nanoparticles also investigate their antibacterial activity. Synthesized silver nanoparticles are analyzed by different techniques of modes like XRD, UV-Visible spectroscopy, TEM, FTIR, and photoluminescence (PL). The prepared AgNPs show characteristic absorption peak in UV-Visible spectroscopy due to SPR (surface plasmonic resonance) band between 400 to 450 nm wavelength, which was confirmed by TEM (transmission electron microscopy) image. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed the crystalline nature of AgNPs as well as the size of nanoparticles calculated with the help of TEM (20-25 nm) and XRD (25 nm). ATR spectroscopy identified the functional groups that are involved in the reduction of silver ion to AgNPs and the PL spectrum indicates higher emission in the green region and low emission peak in the UV region. Antibacterial activity of AgNPs analyzed against with the help of E.Coli bacteria and the result shows that a higher concentration of AgNPs is increasing as well as a zone of inhibition increased. This method is environmentally friendly, of low cost, and less expensive method for the fabrication of AgNPs in abundance which can be further helpful for biosensor devices as well as for other applications such as pollutant degradation, pharmaceutical, and hydrogen production, etc therefore can promote the application of green technology for the production of AgNPs.

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using aqueous extract of Acacia cyanophylla and its antibacterial activity

“…Comparing the works of literature, our results were similar to other studies. For instance, Acacia concinna fruit extract was used to synthesize silver nanoparticles with a similar protocol [ 14 ]. UV-vis spectroscopy …”

“…Compared with works of literature, our results differ from other studies. For instance, when using Acacia concinna fruit extract to synthesis silver nanoparticles, the peak of absorption appeared around at 430 nm [ 14 ]. In another study, an Acacia leucophloea extract was used to synthesize silver nanoparticles and the peak of absorption appeared around at 433 nm [ 22 ].…”

“…The absorption spectra of samples were observed at 300–600 nm wavelengths using UV-visible spectrophotometer [UV-1800 spectrophotometer (Shimadzu, Japan)] and the absorption peak was observed and this confirms the production of silver nanoparticles [ 14 ]. Dynamic light scattering (DLS): …”

“…The reaction progression for silver nanoparticles synthesis was examined based on the color alteration of the reaction mixture from light yellow to intense reddish brown that confirms the formation of the silver nanoparticles in the solution. The mixture was examined by using UV–vis spectrophotometer within 300–600 nm at different incubation time and the absorption peak was observed [ 12 , 13 , 14 ]. Studying synthesis parameters effects on silver nanoparticles size: …”

A review on recent developments in the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles and its biomedical applications

“…For the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles, plants extracts have been also used as it offers many advantages and also does not require any complex process for the synthesis of AgNPs via plants extract and comparatively easy for large‐scale production (Ahmad et al, 2010; Ahmed et al, 2016; Al‐thabaiti et al, 2015; Ansari et al, 2016; Banerjee et al, 2014; Dinparvar et al, 2020; Hebbalalu et al, 2013; Hussain & Khan, 2014; Jain et al, 2009; Krishnaraj et al, 2010; Leela & Vivekanandan, 2008; Logeswari et al, 2015; MubarakAli et al, 2011; Prasad, 2014; Rahisuddin & Akrema, 2016; Song & Kim, 2009; Vijilvani et al, 2020). Mainly the parts of the plant used for the synthesis are leaves, root, stem, bark, flower and fruit (Meena et al, 2020). Hekmati used the extract of aerial parts of Allium rotundum l., Falcaria Vulgaris Bernh and Ferulago angulate Boiss .…”