Synthesis of science: findings on Canadian Prairie wetland drainage

Baulch, Helen M.; Whitfield, Colin J.; Wolfe, Jared D.; Basu, Nandita B.; Bedard‐Haughn, Angela; Belcher, Kenneth; Clark, Robert G.; Ferguson, Grant; Ireson, A. M.; Lloyd‐Smith, Patrick; Loring, Phil; Pomeroy, John W.; Shook, Kevin; Spence, Christopher

doi:10.1080/07011784.2021.1973911

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…For example, Dumanski et al (2015) documents that land management practices in the Smith Creek research basin has resulted in a 58% decrease in the extent of ponds and almost an 8x increase in channel length. Substantial losses of wetlands are reported throughout the Prairie Pothole region (e.g., Bartzen et al, 2010;Baulch et al, 2021;Breen et al, 2018;Johnston, 2013;Oslund et al, 2010;Van Meter & Basu, 2015). Drainage is often not uniform, with small depressions being drained or infilled preferentially by farmers (Annand, 2022), which changes their relationship between A d and V d .…”

Section: The Spatial Distribution Of Depressions Across the Prairie L...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Numerical Formulation of Simple Hysteretic Models to Simulate the Large‐Scale Hydrological Impacts of Prairie Depressions

Clark

Shook

2022

Water Resources Research

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Topographic depressions have large impacts on the hydrology, ecology, and biogeochemistry in prairie environments. In many prairie landscapes, there has not been sufficient energy, water, or time to carve conventional drainage networks, and, as a result, much of the landscape drains internally to millions of small topographic depressions. Topographic depressions control the hydrological flow regime through their role in storing water from precipitation and snow melt and the subsequent impacts of depression storage dynamics on flood peaks and inundation patterns (e.g.

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Section: The Spatial Distribution Of Depressions Across the Prairie L...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Numerical Formulation of Simple Hysteretic Models to Simulate the Large‐Scale Hydrological Impacts of Prairie Depressions

Clark

Shook

2022

Water Resources Research

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“…This process is relevant in Canada, especially because of climate change, and it can be producing significant amounts of methane and other gases (Chasmer et al 2012 ) 2 Agricultural expansion also affects wetlands, which are being drained in the Canadian prairies with severe ecological impacts (biodiversity, water quality and quantity, etc.) (Baulch et al 2021 ). Wetlands are very critical ecosystems, but they were not included in this study because of the lack of adequate representation in the calculator and the difficulty of getting good statistics…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathways to sustainable land use and food systems in Canada

2022

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Meeting global sustainability targets under the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and the Paris Agreement requires paying attention to major land-use sectors such as forestry and agriculture. These sectors play a large role in national emissions, biodiversity conservation, and human well-being. There are numerous possible pathways to sustainability in these sectors and potential synergies and trade-offs along those pathways. This paper reports on the use of a model for Canada’s land use to 2050 to assess three different pathways (one based on current trends and two with differing levels of ambition for meeting sustainability targets). This was done as part of a large international consortium, Food, Agriculture, Biodiversity, Land and Energy (FABLE), which allows for incorporating international trade in meeting both national and global sustainability targets. The results show not only the importance of increasingly stringent policies in meeting the targets, but also the role that population and consumption (e.g., diets) play in meeting the targets. Both the medium and high ambition sustainability pathways can drastically reduce greenhouse gas emissions while protecting forestland. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11625-022-01213-z.

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“…Following the PCA, permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA; see Anderson, 2017) was used to assess differences between bloom and nonbloom periods and differences between years. Data were first transformed to a Euclidean distance matrix using the vegdist function in R package vegan (Oksanen et al, 2020) and then analyzed using the pairwise.perm.manova function in the R package RVAideMemoire (Hervé, 2022) with 9999 permutations.…”

Section: Analysis Of Environmental Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blooms and flows: Effects of variable hydrology and management on reservoir water quality

2023

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Flow management has the potential to significantly affect ecosystem condition.Shallow lakes in arid regions are especially susceptible to flow management changes, which can have important implications for the formation of cyanobacterial blooms. Here, we reveal water quality shifts associated with changing source water inflow management. Using in situ monitoring data, we studied a seven-year time span during which inflows to a shallow, eutrophic drinking water reservoir transitioned from primarily natural landscape runoff (2014)(2015) to managed flows from a larger upstream reservoir (Lake Diefenbaker; 2016-2020) and identified significant changes in cyanobacteria (as phycocyanin) using generalized additive models to classify cyanobacterial bloom formation. We then connected changes in water source with shifts in chemistry and the occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms using principal components analysis. Phycocyanin was greater in years with managed reservoir inflow from a mesotrophic upstream reservoir (2016-2020), but dissolved organic matter (DOM) and specific conductivity, important determinants of drinking water quality, were greatest in years when landscape runoff dominated lake water source (2014)(2015). Most notably, despite changing rapidly, it took multiple years for lake water to return to a consistent and reduced level of DOM after managed inflows from the upstream reservoir were resumed, an observation that underscores how resilience may be hindered by weak resistance to change and slow recovery. Environmental flows for water quality are rarely defined, yet we show that trade-offs exist between poor water quality via elevated conductivity and DOM and higher bloom risk, depending on water source. Our work highlights the importance of source water quality, not just quantity, to water security, and our findings have important implications for water managers who must protect ecosystem services while adapting to projected hydroclimatic change.

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Synthesis of science: findings on Canadian Prairie wetland drainage

Cited by 17 publications

References 96 publications

The Numerical Formulation of Simple Hysteretic Models to Simulate the Large‐Scale Hydrological Impacts of Prairie Depressions

The Numerical Formulation of Simple Hysteretic Models to Simulate the Large‐Scale Hydrological Impacts of Prairie Depressions

Pathways to sustainable land use and food systems in Canada

Blooms and flows: Effects of variable hydrology and management on reservoir water quality

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