Efficient methods are developed for the synthesis of
rhenium(V)-substituted benzylidyne
complexes with various auxiliary ligands to facilitate the tuning of
their excited-state
properties. The electronic structures and spectroscopic and
photophysical properties of [Re(⋮CAr‘)(pdpp)2Cl]+ (Ar‘ =
C6H2Me3-2,4,6, pdpp =
o-phenylenebis(diphenylphosphine),
2),
[Re(⋮CAr‘)L2(CO)(H2O)Cl]+
(L = PPh3, 3;
P(C6H4OMe-p)3,
4; PPh2Me, 5),
[Re(⋮CAr‘)(dppe)(CO)2Cl]+ (dppe =
1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane, 6),
[Re(⋮CAr‘)(L−L)(CO)2Cl]+
(L−L
= 2,2‘-bipyridine, 7; 4,4‘-dichloro-2,2‘-bipyridine,
8; 4,4‘-dimethoxycarbonyl-2,2‘-bipyridine,
9),
[Re(⋮CAr‘)(Tp‘)(CO)2]+
(Tp‘ = tris(3,5-dimethyl-1-pyrazolyl)borohydride,
10), and [Re(⋮CC6H4-R)(pdpp)(CO)2(O3SCF3)]+
(13, R = OMe, a; Me, b; H,
c; Cl, d; Br, e; CN, f)
are
studied and compared. The molecular structures of
7·CHCl3
,
10,
12f,
13a·CH3OH·H2O,
and
13d·2CH2Cl2 are
determined by X-ray crystallography and reveal Re⋮C distances in
the
1.766(8)−1.786(7) Å range. HF-SCF calculations on the
model compounds
[Re(⋮CC6H5)(H2PCHCHPH2)2Cl]+
(2m),
[Re(⋮CC6H5)(PH3)2(H2O)(CO)Cl]+
(3m), and
[Re(⋮CC6H5)(H2PCHCHPH2)(CO)2(OH)]+
(13m) suggest that the HOMO is π(Re⋮C−Ph) and the
LUMO
is π*(Re⋮C−Ph). CI-singles calculations on the excited
state of optimized 2m indicate that
the lowest energy UV−vis absorption of
2
−
6, 10, and
13 originates from a HOMO to LUMO
spin-forbidden transition. This is identified as
3[π(Re⋮CAr) → π*(Re⋮CAr)], where
d(Re)
→ p(⋮C) MLCT character is apparent and the p(⋮C) orbital and
phenyl π system are
conjugated. The UV−vis absorption spectra of
7
−
9 are significantly different, and
their
lowest energy absorption is assigned d(Re) →
π*(X2-bpy). The rhenium(V)
benzylidyne
complexes are highly emissive at room temperature and 77 K. The
combination of
spectroscopic studies and theoretical calculations suggest that the
emitting state of 2
−
6,
10, and 13 is
3[π(Re⋮CAr)→π*(Re⋮CAr)] but that
of 7
−
9 is d(Re) →
π*(X2-bpy). The emission
energies in dichloromethane can be adjusted from 520 to 610 nm by
variation of the
benzylidyne and ancillary ligands. Their electrochemical behaviors
are examined and provide
further evidence to support the excited-state assignment.